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Survivorship Following Hip Arthroscopy: Lessons Learned from a Comprehensive Database
AbstractPurpose of ReviewHip arthroscopy and its indications continue to expand. Understanding the durability of hip arthroscopic procedures remains important not only for counseling patients, but also for determining the success of certain procedures or in certain populations. Survivorship is defined as the proportion of hip arthroscopy patients who have not yet gone on to periacetabular osteotomy (PAO), total hip arthroplasty (THA), and/or revision surgery. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature pertaining to survivorship after certain hip arthroscopic procedures and certain special populations....
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - May 5, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Return to Play After a Lateral Ligament Ankle Sprain
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to describe the current evidence on the most common sports-related ankle injuries. Joint anatomy, epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnostic approach, and treatment are presented with a specific focus on the available evidence towards return to play.Recent FindingsRecent findings show that ankle sprain is the most common injury in the world of sports. Bony fractures, cartilage defects, and syndesmotic lesions are frequently seen in association with the more severe type of ankle sprains.SummaryIn summary, the majority of the athletes ’ ankle sprains are managed conse...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - May 5, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Hamstring Autograft for Lateral Ligament Stabilization
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper seeks to review the current literature and trends regarding use of hamstring autograft for lateral ankle instability.Recent FindingsReconstruction of the lateral ankle ligaments using hamstring autograft has been found to be an effective method to treat ankle instability in terms of patient-reported outcomes and objective measures. Biomechanically, reconstruction has been shown to be stronger (load to failure) when compared with the Brostr öm procedure. Clinical studies have demonstrated non-inferiority when compared with the Broström procedure, with one synthetic reconstruction techni...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - May 3, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Robots in the Operating Room During Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewThe utilization of technology has increased over the last decade across all surgical specialties. Robotic-assisted surgery, among the most advanced surgical technology, applied to hip and knee arthroplasty has experienced rapid growth in utilization, surgical applications, and robotic platforms. The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the most commonly utilized robotic platforms for hip and knee arthroplasty and the most up to date literature on the benefits and limitations of robotic arthroplasty.Recent FindingsStudies consistently demonstrate that that robotic-assisted ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - May 3, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Return to Sport After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: a Comprehensive Review of Qualitative Considerations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewArthroscopic hip surgery for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome has evolved over time and has resulted in significantly improved clinical outcomes. These outcomes can be measured by clinical and radiographic metrics. Return to sport is commonly used as an outcome measure, not only in terms of overall rate but also type of sport, level of competition, and timing of return, as its quantitative definition continues to develop. Qualitative research methods can highlight the patient-derived themes that affect an athlete ’s individual return to sport pathway, and can augment the existing methods of ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - May 3, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatments and Available Formulations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe use of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) has gained attention due to its potential to expedite healing and the ease of harvesting; however, clinical evidence is limited, and questions concerning optimal method of delivery and long-term outcomes remain unanswered.Recent FindingsAdministration of ADSCs in animal models has been reported to aid in improved healing benefits with enhanced repair biomechanics, superior gross histological appearance of injury sites, and higher concentrations of growth factors associated with healing compared to controls. Recently, an increasing body...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 22, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Recent Research Advances in Biologic Bone Graft Materials for Spine Surgery
AbstractPurpose of ReviewBiologic bone graft materials continue to be an important component of various spinal fusion procedures. Given the known risks and morbidity of harvesting iliac crest bone graft, the historical gold standard for spinal fusion, these biologic materials serve the purpose of improving both the efficacy and safety of spinal fusion procedures. Recent advances in biomedical and materials sciences have enabled the design of many novel materials that have shown promise as effective bone graft materials. This review will discuss current research pertaining to several of these materials, including functional...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 22, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Approach to a Failed Hip Arthroscopy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewHip arthroscopy has seen increasing utilization over the last decade. This is largely related to increased recognition and improved techniques for treating femoroacetabilar impingement (FAI). Though hip arthroscopy generally yields favorable outcomes, there are a subset of patients who have residual or recurrent symptoms that require reoperation. The current review discusses an algorithmic approach to evaluating patients following a failed hip arthroscopy including a framework for clinical and radiographic assessment, available treatment options, and associated outcomes in revision surgery.Recent F...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 21, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

State of the Union on Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in 2020: Indications, Techniques, and Outcomes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThere has been a marked increase in the number of ulnar collateral ligament reconstructions performed annually and an associated increase in the amount of recent literature published. It is paramount that surgeons remain up to date on the current literature, as modern indications and surgical techniques continue to improve clinical outcomes.Recent FindingsOur understanding of ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries, treatment indications, and surgical techniques for UCL reconstruction continues to evolve. Despite the rapidly increasing amount of published literature on the topic, a clear and conci...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 21, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Sagittal Pelvic Kinematics in Hip Arthroplasty
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe orientation of  the spine relative to the pelvis—particularly that in the sagittal plane—has been shown in both kinematic and radiographic studies to be paramount in governance of acetabular alignment during normal bodily motion. The purpose of this review is to better understand the challenges faced by arthr oplasty surgeons in treating patients that have concurrent lumbar disease and are therefore more likely to have poorer clinical outcomes after THA than in patients without disease.Recent FindingsThe concept of an “acetabular safe zone” has been well described in the past regarding...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 20, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

The History and Evolution of Elbow Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction: from Tommy John to 2020
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review article is to discuss the evolution of surgical reconstruction of the anterior bundle of the UCL, otherwise known as Tommy John surgery, from Dr. Jobe ’s initial description in 1986 to present day. In particular, the unique changes brought forth by each new surgical technique, and the reasons that these changes were implemented, are highlighted.Recent FindingsThe incidence of UCL reconstruction surgery continues to increase significantly, particularly in the 15- to 19-year-old age group. New anatomic understanding of the anterior bundle of the UCL, including the importa...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 19, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Revision Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Baseball Pitchers: Review of Epidemiology, Surgical Techniques, and Outcomes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purposes of this review are to describe the epidemiology, treatment options, and clinical outcomes of revision medial ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction in baseball pitchers.Recent FindingsRates of revision UCL range from 1 to 15% and have slowly increased over the past several years. Revision UCL procedures are associated with higher complication rates, likely due to the distortion of innate anatomy after primary reconstruction. Techniques for reconstruction are largely influenced by the index surgery and integrity of the ulnar and humeral bone tunnels/sockets. Current literature reporti...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 12, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Proximal Humerus Fracture
We report current and historical treatments, outcomes, and principles in reverse shoulder arthroplasty for treatment of complex, displaced proximal humerus fractures in older individuals ( ≥ 65 years old). (Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine)
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - April 11, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Step by Step Guide to Understanding the Kinetic Chain Concept in the Overhead Athlete
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review will be to provide both a historical and recent review of the role of the kinetic chain for the overhead athlete. The kinetic chain concept will then be applied to clinical exercise modifications and integrations for prevention and treatment of shoulder injury.Recent FindingsThe primary conclusion reached through this review is the important role the lower extremity, trunk, and scapular region play in the development of optimal terminal segment acceleration in the overhead throwing and serving motion. Failure of any links in the kinetic chain has implications for shoulder...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - March 13, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Gait Retraining as an Intervention for Patellofemoral Pain
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMovement retraining in rehabilitation is the process by which a motor program is changed with the overall goal of reducing pain or injury risk. Movement retraining is an important component of interventions to address patellofemoral pain. The purpose of this paper is to review the methods and results of current retraining studies that are aimed at reducing symptoms of patellofemoral pain.Recent FindingsThe majority of studies reviewed demonstrated some improvement in patellofemoral pain symptoms and overall function. However, the degree of improvement as well as the persistence of improvement over ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - March 13, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research