Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Rotator Cuff Injuries in Tennis Players
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review presents epidemiology, etiology, management, and surgical outcomes of rotator cuff injuries in tennis players.Recent FindingsRotator cuff injuries in tennis players are usually progressive overuse injuries ranging from partial-thickness articular- or bursal-sided tears to full-thickness tears. Most injuries are partial-thickness articular-sided tears, while full-thickness tears tend to occur in older-aged players. The serve is the most energy-demanding motion in the sport, and it accounts for 45 to 60% of all strokes performed in a tennis match, putting the shoulder at increased risk of...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - August 21, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Scapular Dyskinesis and the Kinetic Chain: Recognizing Dysfunction and Treating Injury in the Tennis Athlete
This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of scapular dyskinesis and its impact on the kinetic chain in tennis athletes.Recent FindingsOptimal glenohumeral biomechanics are intimately associated with proper scapular motion and function. The tennis serve requires the scapula to act as a force transducer in the kinetic chain to convert potential energy generated in the lower extremities to kinetic energy in the upper extremity. Any aberration within this complex kinetic chain will result in force uncoupling and increases the potential for injury through compensato...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - August 21, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Optimizing the Spinal Interbody Implant: Current Advances in Material Modification and Surface Treatment Technologies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewInterbody implants allow for fusion of the anterior column of the spine between vertebral body endplates. As rates of spinal fusion surgery have increased over the past several years, significant research has been devoted to optimizing both the mechanical and biologic properties of the interbody implant in order to promote bony fusion. The first interbody implants used decades ago were fashioned from cortical autograft. Currently, titanium alloy and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) are the most widely used and studied materials for this purpose. This review focuses on recent innovations in material modi...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - August 19, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality —Translating Surgical Training into Surgical Technique
This article reviews the evolving nature of these training tools and provides examples of their use and efficacy. The practical and ethical implications of incorporating this technology and its impa ct on both orthopedic surgeons and their patients are also discussed.Recent FindingsHead-mounted displays (HMDs) represent a possible adjunct to surgical accuracy and education. While the hardware is advanced, there is still much work to be done in developing software that allows for seamless, reliable, useful integration into clinical practice and training.SummarySurgical training is changing: AR and VR will become mainstays o...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - August 10, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Ceramic Biologics for Bony Fusion —a Journey from First to Third Generations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide information on characteristics and use of various ceramics in spine fusion and future directions.Recent FindingsIn most recent years, focus has been shifted to the use of ceramics in minimally invasive surgeries or implementation of nanostructured surface modification features to promote osteoinductive properties. In addition, effort has been placed on the development of bioactive synthetics. Core characteristic of bioactive synthetics is that they undergo change to simulate a beneficial response within the bone. This change is based on chemical reaction and various chemical elements pre...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 18, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Contemporary Strategies to Prevent Infection in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
AbstractPurpose of ReviewProsthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a serious concern in lower limb arthroplasty. Despite the significant consequences of PJI, the assessment of the safety and efficacy of preventative measures is challenging due to a low event rate. Notwithstanding, enormous efforts have been made in this arena, and prevention strategies continue to evolve. This review provides an update on contemporary literature (published within the last 5 years) pertaining to infection prevention in primary hip and knee arthroplasty.Recent FindingsPatient optimization has been highlighted as a critical preoperative fact...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 15, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Total Hip Instability and the Spinopelvic Link
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAdvances in technology, implant design, and surgical technique have lowered the dislocation rate in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Despite these advances, there remain a large number of instability episodes without a known etiology. Recent research suggests that the pelvic and lumbar spine interrelationship may be the explanation in prosthetic dislocations without a known cause. In this review, we describe the biomechanics, measurements, diagnoses, classification, management, and outcomes of total hip and revision total hip instability as it relates to spinopelvic alignment.Recent FindingsAs...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 9, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome in the Overhead Athlete: Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewNeurovascular compression in the upper extremity is rare but can affect even those participating in high-level competitive athletics. To assess optimal approaches to treatment, in this review, we evaluate the current literature on neurovascular compressive syndromes affecting the upper extremity, with a special focus on the thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS).Recent FindingsNeurovascular compression at the thoracic outlet can involve the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein, each with distinct clinical manifestations. Neurogenic TOS is best treated with surgical decompression, if physi...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 7, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Periprosthetic Fractures in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Current Concepts and Advances in Management
AbstractPurpose of ReviewExpanded indications for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) have raised awareness of associated complications, including periprosthetic fractures. The purpose of this article was to provide a comprehensive update on how, when, and why RSA-related periprosthetic fractures occur, as well as to describe the current treatment strategies.Recent FindingsPeriprosthetic acromial and scapular spine fractures occur in up to 4.3% of cases and periprosthetic humeral fractures occur in approximately 3.5% of RSA procedures. Fractures of the coracoid process and clavicle have also been reported. Current li...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 5, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Hemiarthroplasty and Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Conversion to Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe incidence of shoulder arthroplasty is increasing dramatically for primary arthroplasty but also for revision arthroplasty. Revision to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is increasingly the salvage operation for failed primary arthroplasty. The purpose of this review is to explore the indications for and results of revision reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.Recent FindingsDespite relatively high complication and reoperation rates with revision shoulder replacement, revision of failed hemiarthroplasty or total shoulder arthroplasty to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty improves outcomes for ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 5, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Taping, Bracing, and Injection Treatment for Patellofemoral Pain and Patellar Tendinopathy
This article will focus on additional treatment options for the two most common causes of anterior knee pain, patellofemoral pain syndrome, and patellar tendinopathy. Conservative management is the first-line treatment for these conditions. For clinicians to maximize the efficacy of conservative treatment options for their patients, they must understand the most up-to-date literature evaluating the potential benefit of taping, bracing, and injections as adjunctive treatments for maximizing treatment success.Recent FindingsRecent studies of bracing and taping have found them to be helpful for patients in the short-term mana...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 3, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
How to Optimize Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Irreparable Cuff Tears
This article reviews tips and tricks to optimize the outcome of RSA when performed specifically for this indication.Recent FindingsRSA has been reported to provide satisfactory outcomes in a large proportion of patients with FIRCTs. However, subjective satisfaction is lesser in patients with well-maintained preoperative motion as well as those with isolated loss of active external rotation. The popularity of implants that provide some degree of global lateralization continues to increase. Optimizing the outcome of RSA for FIRCTs requires a careful balance between minimizing perimeter impingement and enhancing the function ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 2, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Technological Advances in Prosthesis Design and Rehabilitation Following Upper Extremity Limb Loss
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe complexity of the human extremity, particularly the upper extremity and the hand, allows us to interact with the world. Prosthetists have struggled to recreate the intuitive motor control, light touch sensation, and proprioception of the innate limb in a manner that reflects the complexity of its native form and function. Nevertheless, recent advances in prosthesis technology, surgical innovations, and enhanced rehabilitation appear promising for patients with limb loss who hope to return to their pre-injury level of function. The purpose of this review is to illustrate recent technological adv...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 2, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Lateral Ligament Instability: Review of Pathology and Diagnosis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAnkle sprains are a common injury that can lead to chronic lateral ankle instability resulting in pain, poor function, and decreased quality of life. The purpose of this review is to present information regarding injury mechanisms to the lateral ligaments of the ankle and the necessary steps to appropriately diagnose lateral ligament instability.Recent FindingsThe literature demonstrates that history and physical examination is often a reliable method for diagnosis of lateral ankle instability. In addition, imaging modalities are often used as adjuncts for diagnosis, especially when physical exam f...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - June 2, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: Current Concepts
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCompressive neuropathy of the ulnar nerve across the elbow is a common diagnosis encountered frequently within a hand and upper extremity clinical practice. Appropriate and timely evaluation, diagnosis, objective testing, and evidence-based decisions regarding treatment options are paramount in the optimal care of the patient with this pathology. An understanding of current literature is critical in determining and understanding best practices.Recent FindingsA thorough review of the recent literature regarding physical examination, diagnostic testing, and nonoperative versus operative results was p...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - May 29, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
