Correction to: A Review of Interventions to Enhance HIV Medication Adherence
(Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports)
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - September 15, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Advances in the Experimental Models of HIV-Associated Neurological Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewInvolvement of the central nervous system (CNS) in HIV-1 infection is commonly associated with neurological disorders and cognitive impairment, commonly referred to as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Severe and progressive neurocognitive impairment is rarely observed in the post-cART era; however, asymptomatic and mild neurocognitive disorders still exist, despite viral suppression. Additionally, comorbid conditions can also contribute to the pathogenesis of HAND.Recent FindingsIn this review, we summarize the characterization of HAND, factors contributing, and the functional impair...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 24, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Strategies for Successful Clinical Trial Recruitment of People Living with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Lessons Learned and Implementation Implications from the Nigeria Renal Risk Reduction (R3) Trial
AbstractPurpose of ReviewClinical trials represent a bedrock for measuring efficacy of interventions in biomedical research, but recruitment into clinical trials remains a challenge. Few data have focused on recruitment strategies from the perspective of clinical trial teams, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), where HIV is most prevalent.Recent FindingsWe summarized data from the literature and our experience with recruitment for theRenalRiskReduction trial, aimed at reducing risk of kidney complications among people living with HIV in Nigeria. Using an implementation science framework, we identified st...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Novel Longitudinal Methods for Assessing Retention in Care: a Synthetic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRetention in care is both dynamic and longitudinal in nature, but current approaches to retention often reduce these complex histories into cross-sectional metrics that obscure the nuanced experiences of patients receiving HIV care. In this review, we discuss contemporary approaches to assessing retention in care that captures its dynamic nature and the methodological and data considerations to do so.Recent FindingsEnhancing retention measurements either through patient tracing or “big data” approaches (including probabilistic matching) to link databases from different sources can be used to as...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Interventions Addressing Depression and HIV-Related Outcomes in People with HIV
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPeople with HIV (PWH) are more likely to experience depression than those without HIV. Depression is not only distressing and interfering in and of itself, but it is also consistently associated with non-adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART). Accordingly, research and clinical priorities require updated knowledge about interventions that address depression in PWH.Recent FindingsTwenty efficacy trials and nine pilot studies since a 2009 review emerged in the literature review search. Of these, 11 and 6 respectively had a depression-related inclusion criterion. The intervention strategies inclu...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The Past, Present, and Future of PrEP implementation Among People Who Use Drugs
AbstractPurpose of reviewRecent HIV outbreaks among people who use drugs (PWUD) necessitate additional HIV prevention tools. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly efficacious yet uptake among PWUD remains exceedingly low. To address multilevel, complex barriers to PrEP use among PWUD, a range of intervention strategies are needed.Recent findingsThe literature on interventions to optimize PrEP use among PWUD is nascent, comprising small pilots and demonstration projects in early phases of intervention development. Initial studies suggest that structural, healthcare, interpersonal, and individual-level interventions can ...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Technology-Delivered Intervention Strategies to Bolster HIV Testing
AbstractSince the beginning of the HIV epidemic, there have been more than 75 million cases. Currently, there about 1.2 million living with HIV in the USA. Despite current testing recommendations, test rates continue to be suboptimal. Investigators have studied the use of digital technology to promote HIV testing, especially among high-risk populations.Purpose of ReviewThis non-systematic review provides an overview of the scientific research between 2015 and 2020 focused on the use of digital technology to bolster HIV testing and suggests novel technologies for exploration.Recent FindingsA total of 40 studies were include...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The Value of Assessing Self-Reported and Biological Indicators of Outcomes in Evaluating HIV Programs
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this manuscript, we present recent findings concerning concordance and discrepancy between biological measures and self-reports of these three outcomes of HIV programs: HIV status, adherence to antiretroviral medications (ARVs) and use of and adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis medication (PrEP), and condom use/unprotected sex.Recent FindingsRecent studies suggest that three successive rapid HIV tests (for those whose first test in positive) might be reasonably inexpensive and valid biological data to collect to combine with self-reports of HIV status, dried blood spots sufficiently affordable...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Current Interventions for People Living with HIV Who Use Alcohol: Why Gender Matters
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAlcohol is the most misused substance in the world. For people living with HIV (PLWH), alcohol misuse may impact ART adherence and viral suppression. This review of the most recently published alcohol intervention studies with PLWH examines how these studies considered gender in the samples, design, and analyses.Recent FindingsThree searches were conducted initially, and 13 intervention studies fit our criteria with alcohol outcomes. In general, most studies did not consider gender and had used small samples, and few demonstrated significant efficacy/effectiveness outcomes. Five studies considered ...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with HIV: Current Tools and Limitations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide the current state of the development and application of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prediction tools in people living with HIV (PLWH).Recent FindingsSeveral risk prediction models developed on the general population are available to predict CVD risk, the most notable being the US-based pooled cohort equations (PCE), the Framingham risk functions, and the Europe-based SCORE (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation). In validation studies in cohorts of PLWH, these models generally underestimate CVD risk, especially in individuals who are younger, women, Black race, or predicted to be at low/i...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
HIV and COVID-19: Lessons From HIV and STI Harm Reduction Strategies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review highlights the intersection of the COVID-19, HIV, and STI pandemics and examines how harm reduction strategies can be applied broadly to controlling a pandemic.Recent FindingsSince the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, remarkable advances in the understanding of COVID-19 prevention, diagnosis, and treatment have been made at a much faster pace than prior pandemics, yet much more still remains to be discovered. Many of the strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic mirror those employed to stem the HIV pandemic.SummaryHarm reduction principles used in the HIV pandemic can be applied to re...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Application of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to Facilitate Violence Screening in HIV Care Settings: a Review of the Literature
We describe several potential implementation strategies to overcome the most salient barriers identified across this limited body of summarized research. (Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports)
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The Intersection of HIV and Syphilis: Update on the Key Considerations in Testing and Management
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo highlight recent trends in the epidemiology of HIV and syphilis, the impact of the COVID epidemic, our approach to care of co-infected patients, and our views on important next steps in advancing the field.Recent FindingsHIV and syphilis co-infection has been on the rise in recent years although since the COVID pandemic there is a decrease in new diagnoses —it remains unclear if this represents a true decline or inadequate testing or under-reporting. Standard HIV care should include regular syphilis serology .Treatment and serological follow-up of syphilis in HIV positive and negative patients...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Approaches to Promoting Linkage to and Retention in HIV Care in the United States: a Scoping Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLinkage to and retention in HIV care, as conceptualized in the HIV care continuum, remain critical steps towards achieving and maintaining viral suppression. We evaluated recently published (Jan 2018 –Nov 2020) peer-reviewed clinical trials of linkage to and retention in care outcomes in the United States.Recent FindingsWe identified 12 trials evaluating linkage to and retention in care outcomes in the United States. Most trials did not adhere to standardized definitions or metrics for linkage to or retention in HIV care, hindering comparisons between studies. Four interventions indicated improve...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - August 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
