Digital Adaptive Behavioral Interventions to Improve HIV Prevention and Care: Innovations in Intervention Approach and Experimental Design
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRecent advances in digital technologies can be leveraged to adapt HIV prevention and treatment services to the rapidly changing needs of individuals in everyday life. However, to fully take advantage of these technologies, it is critical to effectively integrate them with human-delivered components. Here, we introduce a new experimental approach for optimizing the integration and adaptation of digital and human-delivered behavioral intervention components for HIV prevention and treatment.Recent FindingsTypically, human-delivered components can be adapted on a relatively slow timescale (e.g., every ...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - November 4, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Digital Epidemiological Approaches in HIV Research: a Scoping Methodological Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this scoping review was to summarize literature regarding the use of user-generated digital data collected for non-epidemiological purposes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) research.Recent FindingsThirty-nine papers were included in the final review. Four types of digital data were used: social media data, web search queries, mobile phone data, and data from global positioning system (GPS) devices. With these data, four HIV epidemiological objectives were pursued, including disease surveillance, behavioral surveillance, assessment of public attention to HIV, and characterization...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - November 2, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Pharmacological and Behavioral Interventions to Mitigate Premature Aging in Patients with HIV
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe sought to review pharmacological and behavioral interventions that have been publicly presented, published, or are currently ongoing to prevent or mitigate the effect of premature HIV-associated comorbidities.Recent FindingsMultiple studies have been conducted in hopes of finding an effective intervention. While the choice of antiretroviral regimen influences recovery of immune function, several drugs used as adjunct treatments have proven effective to mitigate premature aging. Additionally, few behavioral interventions have exhibited some efficacy.SummaryStatins, angiotensin-receptor blockers, ...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - November 2, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Digital Epidemiological Approaches in HIV Research: a Scoping Methodological Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this scoping review was to summarize literature regarding the use of user-generated digital data collected for non-epidemiological purposes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) research.Recent FindingsThirty-nine papers were included in the final review. Four types of digital data were used: social media data, web search queries, mobile phone data, and data from global positioning system (GPS) devices. With these data, four HIV epidemiological objectives were pursued, including disease surveillance, behavioral surveillance, assessment of public attention to HIV, and characterization...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - November 2, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Pharmacological and Behavioral Interventions to Mitigate Premature Aging in Patients with HIV
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe sought to review pharmacological and behavioral interventions that have been publicly presented, published, or are currently ongoing to prevent or mitigate the effect of premature HIV-associated comorbidities.Recent FindingsMultiple studies have been conducted in hopes of finding an effective intervention. While the choice of antiretroviral regimen influences recovery of immune function, several drugs used as adjunct treatments have proven effective to mitigate premature aging. Additionally, few behavioral interventions have exhibited some efficacy.SummaryStatins, angiotensin-receptor blockers, ...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - November 2, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Fatty Liver Disease: Enter the Metabolic Era
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this review is to summarize the recent literature linking HIV to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This is a pressing issue due to the scale of the MASLD epidemic and the urgent need for preventive and therapeutic strategies for MASLD in PWH.Recent FindingsThe prevalence of MASLD in PWH is higher than previously appreciated, approaching 50% depending on the population and definition of MASLD. MASLD in PWH is likely multifactorial due to risk factors present in the general population such as metabolic syndrome, and features unique to HIV including systemic...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - October 26, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Strategies for Hepatitis B Virus Prevention in People Living with HIV
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCoinfection with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) is common owing to shared routes of transmission, and persons with HIV-HBV coinfection experience an accelerated progression of liver disease. Despite the widespread availability of HBV vaccination, rates of seroprotection in people living with HIV (PLWH) have historically been low. In this article, we review strategies in HBV prevention among PLWH, focusing specifically on updates in HBV vaccination and chemoprophylaxis.Recent FindingsVaccination remains the hallmark of HBV prevention, and recent studies suggest that a double dose of HBV vaccine and...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - October 14, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Challenges and Solutions to STI Control in the Era of HIV and STI Prophylaxis
This article reviews current efforts to control bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users and outlines the opportunities and challenges to controlling STIs within HIV PrEP programs.Recent FindingsThe incidence of STIs continues to rise globally especially among HIV PrEP users, with an estimated 1 in 4 PrEP users having a curable bacterial STI. STIs and HIV comprise a syndemic needing dual interventions. The majority of STIs are asymptomatic, and when testing is available, many STIs occur in extragenital sites that are missed when relying on urine testing or genital swa...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - October 1, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Intervention Approaches to Address Intimate Partner Violence and HIV: a Scoping Review of Recent Research
We examined recently published (January 9, 2017 –January 9, 2023) integrated behavioral interventions designed to address IPV and HIV across the care continuum.Recent FindingsFifteen studies (involvingn = 10,947 participants) met the inclusion criteria for this review. Majority (n = 13) of studies focused on IPV and HIV prevention whereas two studies addressed IPV and HIV care engagement among women living with HIV. Ten studies were conducted on the African continent representing 5 countries. Most interventions (n = 11) focused on individual-level outcomes among cisgender women although two involved male partners. About ...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - October 1, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The New Era of Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy: When and Why to Make the Switch
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDespite the availability of safe and effective oral combination antiretroviral therapy, barriers to maintaining viral suppression remain a challenge to ending the HIV epidemic. Long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy was developed as an alternative to daily oral therapy. This review summarizes the current literature on the efficacy of long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine for the treatment of HIV-1, reasons to switch to injectable therapy, and barriers to switching.Recent FindingsLong-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine is safe and effective in maintaining HIV-1 virologic suppression. Id...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - October 1, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Integrated Care Models: HIV and Substance Use
AbstractPurpose of ReviewBehaviors and practices associated with substance use contribute to lack of HIV virologic suppression and onward transmission. In the USA, many recent HIV outbreaks have been connected with substance use. Evidence-based strategies for integrating care of those at risk for and living with HIV and who use substances continue to evolve. This review, based on scientific and medical literature through March 2023, provides an overview and evaluation of initiatives for integrated care aimed to serve patients at risk for and with HIV and a substance use disorder.Recent FindingsIntegrated care services can ...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - October 1, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Intervention Approaches to Address Intimate Partner Violence and HIV: a Scoping Review of Recent Research
We examined recently published (January 9, 2017 –January 9, 2023) integrated behavioral interventions designed to address IPV and HIV across the care continuum.Recent FindingsFifteen studies (involvingn = 10,947 participants) met the inclusion criteria for this review. Majority (n = 13) of studies focused on IPV and HIV prevention whereas two studies addressed IPV and HIV care engagement among women living with HIV. Ten studies were conducted on the African continent representing 5 countries. Most interventions (n = 11) focused on individual-level outcomes among cisgender women although two involved male partners. About ...
Source: Current HIV/AIDS Reports - September 28, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
