Role of the Renal Lymphatic System in Heart Failure
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe lymphatic system plays a major but overlooked role in maintaining fluid homeostasis. Given the unique fluid homeostasis functions of the kidneys, dysregulation of the renal lymphatic system underlies the development of self-propagating congestive pathomechanisms. In this review, we outline the roles of the renal lymphatic system in heart failure (HF).Recent FindingsStudies have uncovered several pathomechanisms involving the renal lymphatic system in congestive states, such as impaired interstitial draining by the renal lymphatic system, impaired structure and valves of renal lymphatics, lympha...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 27, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Heart Failure and Multimorbidity in Asia
AbstractPurpose of the Review
Multimorbidity, the presence of two or more comorbidities, is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and worsens clinical outcomes. In Asia, multimorbidity has become the norm rather than the exception. Therefore, we evaluated the burden and unique patterns of comorbidities in Asian patients with HF.Recent FindingsAsian patients with HF are almost a decade younger than Western Europe and North American patients. However, over two in three patients have multimorbidity. Comorbidities usually cluster due to the close and complex links between chronic medical conditions. Elucidating these l...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 22, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Spot Urinary Sodium Measurements: the Future Direction of the Treatment and Follow-up of Patients with Heart Failure
This article aims to provide answers to the role of urinary sodium measurements in acute and chronic heart failure.Recent FindingsIn acute heart failure, urinary sodium concentrations at the moment of admission and after diuretic administration are correlated with short- and long-term outcome. As this is a reflection of the degree of sodium retention, it can be used as a guide in the diuretic titration. In chronic heart failure, it might be used to predict and consequently prevent episodes of decompensation.SummaryUrinary sodium measurements hold great promises to be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic parameter in patients...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 21, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Acute Heart Failure Management: Is There a Gap in Treatment Quality?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDifferences between men and women in demographics and clinical phenotype of heart failure have previously been described, as well as disparities in management and outcomes. This review summarizes the latest evidence concerning sex-related differences in acute heart failure and its most severe form, cardiogenic shock.Recent FindingsData from the last 5 years reaffirm the previous observations, with women with acute heart failure being older, more often having preserved ejection fraction and less frequently having an ischemic cause of the acute decompensation. Despite women still receive less invas...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 18, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Cardiac Involvement in Mitochondrial Disorders
Abstract
Purpose of ReviewWe review pathophysiology and clinical features of mitochondrial disorders manifesting with cardiomyopathy.Recent FindingsMechanistic studies have shed light into the underpinnings of mitochondrial disorders, providing novel insights into mitochondrial physiology and identifying new therapeutic targets.SummaryMitochondrial disorders are a group of rare genetic diseases that are caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or in nuclear genes that are essential to mitochondrial function. The clinical picture is extremely heterogeneous, the onset can occur at any age, and virtually, any organ...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 18, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Acute Heart Failure Management: Is There a Gap in Treatment Quality?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDifferences between men and women in demographics and clinical phenotype of heart failure have previously been described, as well as disparities in management and outcomes. This review summarizes the latest evidence concerning sex-related differences in acute heart failure and its most severe form, cardiogenic shock.Recent FindingsData from the last 5 years reaffirm the previous observations, with women with acute heart failure being older, more often having preserved ejection fraction and less frequently having an ischemic cause of the acute decompensation. Despite women still receive less invas...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 18, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Myocardial Metabolism in Heart Failure
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMyocardial metabolism is intricately linked to cardiac function. Perturbations of cardiac energy metabolism result in an energy-starved heart and the development of contractile dysfunction. In this review, we discuss alterations in myocardial energy supply, transcriptional changes in response to different energy demands, and mitochondrial function in the development of heart failure.Recent FindingsRecent studies on substrate modulation through modifying energy substrate supply have shown cardioprotective properties. In addition, large cardiovascular outcome trials of anti-diabetic agents have demon...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 17, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Role of Arterial Hypertension and Hypertension-Mediated Organ Damage in Cardiotoxicity of Anticancer Therapies
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewArterial hypertension (AH) is the most common cardiovascular (CV) risk factor in the community and in oncologic patients. It also represents the most important CV condition predisposing to anticancer treatment-related cardiotoxicity. This risk is heightened in the presence of cardiac AH-mediated organ damage (HMOD). Influence of AH and HMOD on the development of cardiotoxicity will be reviewed, with a focus on specific scenarios and implications for management of oncologic patients.Recent FindingsNot adequately controlled AH before or during anticancer treatments and/or development of AH during...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
What Is the Clinical Utility of Cardiac Troponins in Heart Failure? Are They Modifiable Beyond Their Prognostic Value?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review the role of cardiac troponin (cTn) for prognosis in acute and chronic heart failure, and for predicting heart failure; and to explore the association between troponin and response to heart failure therapies, with an eye toward a possible role for troponin in a personalized approach to heart failure management, beyond prognosis.Recent FindingsA number of therapies, including the neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril/valsartan and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, have recently been shown to improve outcomes in heart failure patients. Most studies suggest that these agents improve outcom...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Cardiac Involvement in Mitochondrial Disorders
Abstract
Purpose of ReviewWe review pathophysiology and clinical features of mitochondrial disorders manifesting with cardiomyopathy.Recent FindingsMechanistic studies have shed light into the underpinnings of mitochondrial disorders, providing novel insights into mitochondrial physiology and identifying new therapeutic targets.SummaryMitochondrial disorders are a group of rare genetic diseases that are caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or in nuclear genes that are essential to mitochondrial function. The clinical picture is extremely heterogeneous, the onset can occur at any age, and virtually, any organ...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-6, Trimethylamine-N-Oxide, Syndecan-1, Nitric Oxide, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 in Heart Failure with Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction: a Meta-Analysis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review was to synthesize the evidence on non-traditional biomarkers from proteomic and metabolomic studies that may distinguish heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) from heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and non-HF.Recent FindingsUnderstanding the pathophysiology of HFpEF continues to be challenging. A number of inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers that have recently been suggested to be involved include C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), syndecan-1 (SDC-1), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necros...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Heart Failure and Multimorbidity in Asia
AbstractPurpose of the Review
Multimorbidity, the presence of two or more comorbidities, is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and worsens clinical outcomes. In Asia, multimorbidity has become the norm rather than the exception. Therefore, we evaluated the burden and unique patterns of comorbidities in Asian patients with HF.Recent FindingsAsian patients with HF are almost a decade younger than Western Europe and North American patients. However, over two in three patients have multimorbidity. Comorbidities usually cluster due to the close and complex links between chronic medical conditions. Elucidating these l...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Cardiotoxicity of Anti-Cancer Radiation Therapy: a Focus on Heart Failure
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAs the percentage of patients achieving long-term survival following treatment of their cancer grows, it is increasingly important to understand the long-term toxicities of cancer-directed treatment. In this review, we highlight the recent findings regarding radiation-induced cardiotoxicity across multiple disease sites, with a particular focus on heart failure.Recent FindingsDespite its relative lack of study historically, radiation-induced heart failure has now recently been implicated in several studies of breast cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and lymphoma as a non-trivial potential con...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
