The Interplay Between Autophagy and Senescence in Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDoxorubicin (DOXO) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic drug employed for the treatment of a wide spectrum of cancers, spanning from solid tumours to haematopoietic malignancies. However, its clinical use is hampered by severe and dose-dependent cardiac side effects that ultimately lead to heart failure (HF).Recent FindingsMitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are well-established mechanisms of DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity, although recent evidence suggests that deregulation of other biological processes, like autophagy, could be involved. It is increasingly recognized that autophagy dere...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - June 3, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Correction to: Multidomain Frailty in Heart Failure: Current Status and Future Perspectives
A correction to this paper has been published:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-021-00516-z (Source: Current Heart Failure Reports)
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - May 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
The Surgeon ’s Role in Cardiogenic Shock
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCardiogenic shock represents a very challenging patient population due to the undifferentiated pathologies presenting as cardiogenic shock, difficult decision-making, prognostication, and ever-expanding support options. The role of cardiac surgeons on this team is evolving.Recent FindingsThe implementation of a shock team is associated with improved outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock. Early deployment of mechanical circulatory support devices may allow an opportunity to rescue these patients.SummaryCardiothoracic surgeons are a critical component of the shock team who can deploy timely mec...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - May 6, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Quantification of Myocardial Deformation Applying CMR-Feature-Tracking —All About the Left Ventricle?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCardiac magnetic resonance-feature-tracking (CMR-FT)-based deformation analyses are key tools of cardiovascular imaging and applications in heart failure (HF) diagnostics are expanding. In this review, we outline the current range of application with diagnostic and prognostic implications and provide perspectives on future trends of this technique.Recent FindingsBy applying CMR-FT in different cardiovascular diseases, increasing evidence proves CMR-FT-derived parameters as powerful diagnostic and prognostic imaging biomarkers within the HF continuum partly outperforming traditional clinical values ...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - May 1, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Myocardial Involvement in COVID-19: an Interaction Between Comorbidities and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. A Further Indication of the Role of Inflammation
AbstractPurpose of the reviewCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cardiovascular (CV) disease have a close relationship that emerged from the earliest reports. The aim of this review is to show the possible associations between COVID-19 and heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Recent findingsIn hospitalized patients with COVID-19, the prevalence of HFpEF is high, ranging from 4 to 16%, probably due to the shared cardio-metabolic risk profile. Indeed, comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney disease — known predictors of a severe course of COVID-19 — are major ...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - April 22, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Left Atrial Myopathy in Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure: Clinical Implications, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Targets
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review discusses the mechanisms, clinical implications, and treatments of left atrial (LA) myopathy in comorbid atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) across the spectrum of ejection fraction.Recent FindingsAF and HF are highly comorbid conditions. Left atrial (LA) myopathy, characterized by impairments in LA structure, function, or electrical conduction, plays a fundamental role in the development of both AF and HF with preserved ejection fraction (AF-HFpEF) along with AF and HF with reduced ejection fraction (AF-HFrEF). While the nature of LA myopathy in AF-HFpEF is unique from that...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - April 17, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Selenium, Selenoproteins, and Heart Failure: Current Knowledge and Future Perspective
AbstractPurpose of Review(Mal-)nutrition of micronutrients, like selenium, has great impact on the human heart and improper micronutrient intake was observed in 30 –50% of patients with heart failure. Low selenium levels have been reported in Europe and Asia and thought to be causal for Keshan disease. Selenium is an essential micronutrient that is needed for enzymatic activity of the 25 so-called selenoproteins, which have a broad range of activities. In th is review, we aim to summarize the current evidence about selenium in heart failure and to provide insights about the potential mechanisms that can be modulated by s...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - April 9, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Multidomain Frailty in Heart Failure: Current Status and Future Perspectives
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWith a worldwide aging population, frailty and heart failure (HF) have become issues that need to be addressed urgently in cardiovascular clinical practice. In this review, we outline the clinical implications of frailty in HF patients and the potential therapeutic strategies to improve the clinical outcomes of frail patients with HF.Recent FindingsFrailty has physical, psychological, and social domains, each of which is a prognostic determinant for patients with HF, and each domain overlaps with the other, although there are no standardized criteria for diagnosing frailty. Frailty can be targeted ...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - April 9, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Update on the Impact of Comorbidities on the Efficacy and Safety of Heart Failure Medications
In conclusion, while HF management is complex in the context of multiple comorbidities, the totality of evidence strongly supports guideline-directed medical therapies as foundational for improving outcomes in these high-risk patients. (Source: Current Heart Failure Reports)
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - April 9, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure: from Evidences to Guidelines
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCatheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in heart failure seems to be the way to improve the quality of life, life expectance, and prognosis. In this review, we outline the growing role of this therapy and which patients can benefit from it.Recent FindingsWhile previous studies comparing rate control and rhythm control had not demonstrated the superiority of rhythm control in the prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure, recent findings seem to demonstrate that catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation reduces mortality and hospitalization for heart failure and improves the q...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - April 4, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Correction to: Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of the Adult Mammalian Heart – State of the Art and Future Perspectives
A Correction to this paper has been published:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-021-00507-0 (Source: Current Heart Failure Reports)
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - April 2, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
All You Need Is Sleep: the Effects of Sleep Apnea and Treatment Benefits in the Heart Failure Patient
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRecognition and treatment of sleep apnea is an important but easily overlooked aspect of care in the heart failure patient. This review summarizes the data behind the recommendations in current practice guidelines and highlights recent developments in treatment options.Recent FindingsNeuromodulation using hypoglossal nerve stimulation has been increasingly used for treatment of OSA; however, it has not been studied in the heart failure population. Alternatively, phrenic nerve stimulation for treatment of CSA is effective for heart failure patients, and cardiac resynchronization therapy can be effec...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - March 26, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Biomarkers of Cardiac Stress and Cytokine Release Syndrome in COVID-19: A Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulted in the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. While primarily a respiratory virus, SARS-CoV-2 can cause myocardial injury. The pattern of injury, referred to as acute COVID-19 cardiovascular syndrome (ACovCS), is defined by cardiac troponin leak in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Although the etiology of the injury is unknown, many speculate that a cytokine release syndrome (CRS) may be an important factor. We aim to review recent data concerning markers of cardiac injury in ACovCS and its relation t...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - March 5, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Racial/Ethnic and Gender Disparities in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review highlights variability in prescribing of nonpharmacologic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) therapies by race, ethnicity, and gender. The review also explores the evidence underlying these inequalities as well as potential mitigation strategies.Recent FindingsThere have been major advances in HF therapies that have led to improved overall survival of HF patients. However, racial and ethnic groups of color and women have not received equitable access to these therapies.SummaryPatients of color and women are less likely to receive nonpharmacologic therapies for HFrEF th...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - March 5, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of the Adult Mammalian Heart —State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewCardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, resulting in cardiac dysfunction and, subsequently, heart failure (HF). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a rapidly developing tool for studying the transcriptional heterogeneity in both healthy and diseased hearts. Wide applications of techniques like scRNA-seq could significantly contribute to uncovering the molecular mechanisms involved in the onset and progression to HF and contribute to the development of new, improved therapies. This review discusses several studies that successfully applied scRNA-seq to the mous...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - February 25, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
