Issue Information
(Source: Criminology)
Source: Criminology - November 16, 2022 Category: Criminology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Police legitimacy regimes and the suppression of citizen oversight in response to police violence
AbstractA lack of formal accountability in the aftermath of police violence against communities of color has long fueled public demands for increased police oversight. Yet, little is known about how interorganizational relationships affect citizen complaint investigations once citizen review boards (CRBs) are established. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, and archival sources about the Syracuse Citizen Review Board in New York State, I show how CRBs operate as bureaucratic agencies that ostensibly address police misconduct, yet are managed by municipal power relations that neutralize the agency's ability to ac...
Source: Criminology - November 16, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Theresa Rocha Beardall Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Race, work history, and the employment recidivism relationship
AbstractRecent studies have found that race, work history, postprison employment, and recidivism are intertwined, suggesting that race and work history may shape the employment –recidivism relationship in nuanced, yet underexplored ways. Additionally, the literature has yet to settle on what kinds of employment patterns matter most for recidivism. These issues are especially important to resolve given contemporary concerns about mass incarceration and racial disparities among citizens returning from prison. To investigate these questions, we analyze administrative prison records, unemployment insurance (UI) quarterly dat...
Source: Criminology - November 16, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Simon G. Kolbeck,
Paul E. Bellair,
Steven Lopez Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Situational factors and police use of force across micro ‐time intervals: A video systematic social observation and panel regression analysis
AbstractThe current study analyzes police use of force as a series of time-bound transactions between officers, civilians, and bystanders. The research begins with a systematic social observation of use-of-force events recorded on police body-worn cameras in Newark, New Jersey. Researchers measure the occurrence and time stamps for numerous participant physical and verbal behaviors. Data are converted into a longitudinal panel format measuring all observed behaviors in 5-second intervals. Panel logistic regression models estimate the effect of each behavior on use of force in immediate and subsequent temporal periods. Find...
Source: Criminology - October 30, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Eric L. Piza,
Nathan T. Connealy,
Victoria A. Sytsma,
Vijay F. Chillar Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
When men fight with women (versus other men): Limited offending during disputes
AbstractWhat transpires in a dispute, even a violent dispute, is affected by the tendency for adversaries to engage in “limited offending.” We focus on one restraint: the tendency of men to limit their aggression in their disputes with women. Analyses are based on an incident-level survey about interpersonal disputes administered to 503 men who are incarcerated and 220 men who had never been incarcerated. Using multinomial and logistic regression models, we examined the extent to which an adversary's gender predicted dispute-related behaviors. The evidence suggests that the chivalry norm has pervasive effects on the be...
Source: Criminology - October 28, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Richard B. Felson,
Mark T. Berg,
Ethan M. Rogers,
Andrew T. Krajewski Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
“If it don't kill you, it'll take away your life”: Survival strategies and isolation in a long‐running gun conflict
AbstractGun violence in the United States often spurs long-running conflicts, but little is known about how individuals involved in these conflicts cope with the lingering threat of being shot. Drawing on an in-depth ethnographic case study of one young man's long-running gun conflict in New Orleans, as well as on interviews and fieldwork with other young men in his social network who dealt with similar conflicts, this study examines how individuals contend with direct, ongoing threats of violence targeted specifically at them. It finds that these threats can severely disrupt people's lives. When targeted individuals antic...
Source: Criminology - October 20, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Tom Wooten Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Changing contexts: A quasi ‐experiment examining adolescent delinquency and the transition to high school
AbstractIn a quasi-experiment, we examine whether changing schools during the transition from 8th to 9th grade influences adolescent delinquency, using a sample of more than 14,000 students in 26 public school districts (PROSPER study). The dataset follows students for eight waves from 6th through 12th grade and facilitates a unique, direct comparison of students who change schools with those who remain in the same school during this period. Results show that students who transition between schools report significantly less delinquency after the shift than those who do not, and that this difference persists through 10th gr...
Source: Criminology - October 18, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Brittany N. Freelin,
Cassie McMillan,
Diane Felmlee,
D. Wayne Osgood Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Police legitimacy regimes and the suppression of citizen oversight in response to police violence*
AbstractA lack of formal accountability in the aftermath of police violence against communities of color has long fueled public demands for increased police oversight. Yet, little is known about how interorganizational relationships affect citizen complaint investigations once citizen review boards (CRBs) are established. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, and archival sources about the Syracuse Citizen Review Board in New York State, I show how CRBs operate as bureaucratic agencies that ostensibly address police misconduct, yet are managed by municipal power relations that neutralize the agency's ability to ac...
Source: Criminology - October 1, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Theresa Rocha Beardall Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
“[It's] what you do after the mistake that counts”: Positive employment credentials, criminal record stigma, and potential pathways of mediation
AbstractThe findings from prior research indicate that positive credentials, or documentation of prosocial accomplishments, can vary in strength and perceived value in mitigating aversions to hiring individuals with criminal records. In the current study, we examine why certain types of positive credentials may be more influential in reducing stigma than others. Using data from a nationwide survey of American adults (N = 3,476), we combine a mediation analysis with content-coding of open-ended responses to identify key themes and patterns in decision processes. The results indicate the factors examined here —employee dep...
Source: Criminology - September 16, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Megan Denver,
Samuel E. DeWitt Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
More immigrants, less death: An analysis of immigration effects on county ‐level drug overdose deaths, 2000–2015
AbstractPublic and political discourse has routinely suggested that immigration is linked to higher community levels of violence and drug problems. In contrast to these claims, research has consistently shown that immigration is not associated with greater violence at the macro level. However, few studies have examined the links between immigration flows and community drug problems. The current study seeks to address this gap in research by providing a county-level longitudinal analysis of immigration and drug overdose deaths both overall and by substance type for the 2000 to 2015 period and provides an analysis of homicid...
Source: Criminology - September 9, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Ben Feldmeyer,
Diana Sun,
Casey T. Harris,
Francis T. Cullen Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Race, work history, and the employment recidivism relationship*
AbstractRecent studies have found that race, work history, postprison employment, and recidivism are intertwined, suggesting that race and work history may shape the employment –recidivism relationship in nuanced, yet underexplored ways. Additionally, the literature has yet to settle on what kinds of employment patterns matter most for recidivism. These issues are especially important to resolve given contemporary concerns about mass incarceration and racial disparities among citizens returning from prison. To investigate these questions, we analyze administrative prison records, unemployment insurance (UI) quarterly dat...
Source: Criminology - August 31, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Simon G. Kolbeck,
Paul E. Bellair,
Steven Lopez Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Criminology)
Source: Criminology - August 17, 2022 Category: Criminology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Unraveling mass incarceration: Criminology's role in the policy process
AbstractIn this address I argue that large reductions in unproductive and unjust uses of imprisonment requires curtailment of the over use of life imprisonment. I go on to discuss how criminologists should engage the policy process to achieve material reductions in prison populations by the accumulation of many incremental reductions in the overuse of incarceration. (Source: Criminology)
Source: Criminology - August 17, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Daniel S. Nagin Tags: 2021 PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS TO THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CRIMINOLOGY Source Type: research
Gender equality and the shifting gap in female ‐to‐male prison admission rates
AbstractAlthough women have made dramatic gains toward equality with men over the past century, this progress has occurred alongside tremendous growth in U.S. incarceration rates. Extending prior research on sex differences in offending, we turn our attention to punishment by exploring how gender equality in education, work, and politics is associated with disparities in annual prison admissions. Using pooled cross-sectional data for U.S. states from 1983 to 2010, we conduct a series of fixed-effects regressions to estimate the ratio of female-to-male annual prison admission rates, as well as sex-specific rates, disaggrega...
Source: Criminology - August 17, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Heather McLaughlin,
Sarah K. S. Shannon Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Improving or declining: What are the consequences for changes in local crime?
AbstractWhereas existing ecology of crime research frequently uses a cross-sectional design, an open question is whether theories underlying such studies will operate similarly in longitudinal research. Using latent trajectory models and longitudinal data in half-mile egohoods from the Southern California region over a 10-year period (2000 –2010), we explore this question and assess whether the changes in key measures of social disorganization theory are related to changes in violent or property crime through three possible relationships: 1) a monotonic relationship, 2) an asymmetric relationship, and 3) a perturbation r...
Source: Criminology - August 17, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: John R. Hipp,
Xiaoshuang Iris Luo Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
