Institutional anomie and cross ‐national differences in incarceration†
AbstractMessner and Rosenfeld's (2007) institutional anomie theory (IAT) has mainly been applied by criminologists to explain crime rates at various aggregate levels. However, Messner and Rosenfeld also suggest that the same social and cultural forces that lead to high crime may explain differences in punishment, although this latter proposition has yet to be subject to empirical testing. Using a variety of data sources for 41 countries measuring various structural and cultural configurations, in this study we assess the extent to which IAT can explain cross ‐national differences in incarceration. Our results indicate th...
Source: Criminology - August 6, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Douglas B. Weiss,
Alexander Testa,
Mateus Renn ó Santos Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
Criminology, Volume 58, Issue 3, Page 403-406, August 2020. (Source: Criminology)
Source: Criminology - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
The public salience of crime, 1960 –2014: Age–period–cohort and time–series analyses†
AbstractThe public salience of crime has wide ‐ranging political and social implications; it influences public trust in the government and citizens’ everyday routines and interactions, and it may affect policy responsiveness to punitive attitudes. Identifying the sources of crime salience is thus important. Two competing theoretical models exist: the objectivist model and the social constructionist model. According to the first, crime salience is a function of the crime rate. According to the second, crime salience is a function of media coverage and political rhetoric, and trends in crime salience differ across popula...
Source: Criminology - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Luzi Shi,
Yunmei Lu,
Justin T. Pickett Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Neighborhood climates of legal cynicism and complaints about abuse of police power †
AbstractResearch findings show that legal cynicism —a cultural frame in which skepticism about laws, the legal system, and police is expressed—is important in understanding neighborhood variation in engagement with the police, particularly in racially isolated African American communities. We argue that legal cynicism is also useful for understa nding neighborhood variation in complaints about police misconduct. Using data on complaints filed in Chicago between 2012 and 2014, we show that grievances disproportionately came from racially segregated neighborhoods and that a measure of legal cynicism from the mid‐1990s ...
Source: Criminology - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Bill McCarthy,
John Hagan,
Daniel Herda Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Perceived arrest risk, psychic rewards, and offense specialization: A partial test of rational choice theory †
AbstractIn prior tests of Beckerian rational choice theory, the notion that individuals are responsive to the (dis)incentives associated with crime has been supported. Much of this research has comprised composite scores of perceived rewards and risks of multiple, often disparate, crime types that are then used to predict “general” offending behavior. Although the results of such prior tests are informative, we believe that this tendency has resulted in two shortcomings. First, a central component of mathematical rational choice theory is overlooked, namely, that responsivity to incentives will be crime specific. That ...
Source: Criminology - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Kyle J. Thomas,
Thomas A. Loughran,
Benjamin C. Hamilton Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Long ‐term consequences of being placed in disciplinary segregation†
AbstractBeing placed in restrictive housing is considered one of the most devastating experiences a human can endure, yet a scant amount of research has been conducted to test how this experience affects core indicators of prisoner reentry such as employment and recidivism. In this article, we use Danish registry data, which allow for us to link penal conditions to postrelease outcomes, to show how the reentry outcomes of individuals placed in disciplinary segregation, which is placement in restrictive housing because of disciplinary infractions, compare with those sanctioned for in ‐prison offenses but not placed in seg...
Source: Criminology - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Christopher Wildeman,
Lars H øjsgaard Andersen Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Feminist criminology in an era of misogyny †
AbstractIn this address I make the case for continuing to focus criminological research on gender, sexism, and racism within our lives and within our profession. I also provide a brief case study of a topic many would feel falls well outside our field: reproductive rights. Data are reviewed to reveal the impact of gender on the lives of women —notably the devaluation of work done by women, particularly if the work is deemed feminist. Afterward, recent data on the persistence of both sexism and racism in our field are reviewed. Despite gains made by women (notably in the membership of the field), the highest positions in ...
Source: Criminology - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Meda Chesney ‐Lind Tags: 2019 PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS TO THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CRIMINOLOGY Source Type: research
Pubertal timing and adolescent delinquency †
AbstractEarly pubertal timing (PT) increases the risk of adolescent delinquency, whereas late development reduces this risk; however, the mechanisms explaining PT effects on delinquency remain elusive. Theoretically, the PT –delinquency relationship is as a result of changes in parental supervision, peer affiliations, and body‐image perceptions or is a spurious reflection of early life risk factors. Using intergenerational data from the Millennium Cohort Study, a prospective sample of children followed from infancy to age 14 years in the United Kingdom (N = 11,556 parent–child pairs), we find that for both boys and...
Source: Criminology - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Rebecca Bucci,
Jeremy Staff Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Institutional anomie and cross ‐national differences in incarceration†
AbstractMessner and Rosenfeld's (2007) institutional anomie theory (IAT) has mainly been applied by criminologists to explain crime rates at various aggregate levels. However, Messner and Rosenfeld also suggest that the same social and cultural forces that lead to high crime may explain differences in punishment, although this latter proposition has yet to be subject to empirical testing. Using a variety of data sources for 41 countries measuring various structural and cultural configurations, in this study we assess the extent to which IAT can explain cross ‐national differences in incarceration. Our results indicate th...
Source: Criminology - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Douglas B. Weiss,
Alexander Testa,
Mateus Renn ó Santos Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
Criminology, Volume 58, Issue 3, Page 403-406, August 2020. (Source: Criminology)
Source: Criminology - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
The organizational justice effect among criminal justice employees: A meta ‐analysis*
In this study, we take stock of the organizational justice effect on criminal justice employees’ work outcomes by subjecting the literature to a meta‐analysis. Multilevel modeling based on 1,924 effect size estimates drawn from 143 studie s (95 independent data sets) was used to establish the empirical status of the organizational justice effect. The results indicate a sizeable relationship between organizational justice and justice system employee work outcomes (Mz = .256, CI = [.230, .283]). The findings also demonstrate that t he organizational justice effect size varies slightly across several methodological va...
Source: Criminology - May 30, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Scott E. Wolfe,
Spencer G. Lawson Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
Fearful futures and haunting histories in women's desistance from crime: A longitudinal study of desistance as an uncanny process*
AbstractAlthough desistance is increasingly recognized as a series of complex processes by which individuals transform from offenders into nonoffenders, few desistance scholars have studied this process in depth. In recent years, however, some have begun to explore how desistance is a process rife with setbacks and struggles. Through an analysis of repeated in ‐depth interviews with ten desisting women, in this study, we have found such struggles to be unsettling and outright frightening. Examples of this were prevalent throughout the women's narratives. The results of our analysis show how frightening aspects of desista...
Source: Criminology - May 22, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Tea Fredriksson,
Robin G ålnander Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research
