A Nonsurgical Approach to Mesenteric Vascular Disease
Mesenteric ischemia is a rare disorder, with considerably high morbidity and mortality rates. It can manifest in several ways, including acute mesenteric ischemia, chronic mesenteric ischemia, nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia, mesenteric venous thrombosis, and colonic ischemia. Of these, acute mesenteric ischemia is the most severe form of intestinal ischemia, with a high mortality rate. The mainstay of therapy for mesenteric ischemia is surgical exploration and resection of infarcted bowel; however, medical therapy can play an important adjunctive role. When diagnosed early, before bowel infarction, endovascular therapy c...
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 10, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Acupuncture and Cardiovascular Disease: Focus on Heart Failure
This article serves to examine recent evidence supporting the long-loop pathway as the physiologic mechanism of acupuncture and the sympatholytic, vasodilatory, and cardioprotective effects of acupuncture that could specifically improve cardiac function and quality of life measures in the management of congestive heart failure. (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 10, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Genetic Origins of Tetralogy of Fallot
Due to improved survival and clinical outcomes, congenital heart disease (CHD) is an area of growing importance within the medical community. As these patients reach adulthood and have children, there has been a growing appreciation for the increased risk of CHD among their offspring, strongly implying a genetic element. Given the growing wealth of genetic data available and these clinical implications, this review serves to reexamine the role of genetics within CHD, using Tetralogy of Fallot as a model pathology. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the oldest documented CHDs, with a growing prevalence of adult patients, a...
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 10, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Impact of Improved Survival in Congenital Heart Disease on Incidence of Disease
Survival rates and life expectancies for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) have dramatically increased, and these patients are now reaching reproductive age. As they reproduce, questions pertaining to recurrent risk of disease and the impact on incidence rates have emerged. Recurrence rates for CHD have been estimated at 3% to 5%, although, due to the complex genetics underlying CHD, this range may represent an underestimation of the true risk. Debate still exists on whether the impact of recurrence of disease has been reflected in incidence rates. Although incidence rates have undoubtedly increased, the mechani...
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 10, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Sex-Specific Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Review of the Literature
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a safe and effective therapy for aortic valve replacement in patients ineligible for or at high risk for surgery. However, outcomes after TAVR based on an individual’s sex remain to be fully elucidated. We searched PUBMED and EMBASE using the keywords: “transcatheter aortic valve replacement,” “transcatheter aortic valve implantation,” “sex differences,” “gender,” “sex characteristics” and collected information on baseline features, procedural characteristics, and postprocedural outcomes in women. Inclusion/exclusion resulted in 23 publications. Women h...
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 10, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), classified as World Health Organization (WHO) group 4 pulmonary hypertension (PH), is an interesting and rare pulmonary vascular disorder secondary to mechanical obstruction of the pulmonary vasculature from thromboembolism resulting in PH. The pathophysiology is complex, beginning with mechanical obstruction of the pulmonary arteries, which eventually leads to arteriopathic changes and vascular remodeling in the nonoccluded arteries and in the distal segments of the occluded arteries mediated by thrombus nonresolution, abnormal angiogenesis, endothelial dysfunction, a...
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 10, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Implications of the New National Guidelines for Hypertension
Automated validated devices should be used for measuring blood pressure (BP). A systolic BP between 120 and 129 mm Hg with a diastolic BP (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 10, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Yosprala: A Fixed Dose Combination of Aspirin and Omeprazole
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Patients who survive a primary cerebrovascular or cardiovascular event are at increased risk of a subsequent occurrence. Antiplatelet therapy plays an essential role for secondary prevention in individuals with stroke, transient ischemic attack, acute or chronic artery disease, or peripheral arterial disease. Maintaining high-risk patients on low-dose aspirin therapy is a fundamental component of management. However, poor adherence, secondary to the drug’s gastrointestinal side effects, has been associated with negative cardiovas...
Source: Cardiology in Review - January 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: New Therapy Update Source Type: research
Devices for Autonomic Regulation Therapy in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Heart failure (HF) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and an increasing economic burden. The persistence of HF’s risk factors, coupled with an aging population, also leads to an increase in its incidence and prevalence. It is well established that sympathetic hyperactivity and parasympathetic withdrawal are instrumental in the development and worsening of HF. Therefore, restoring autonomic balance to the cardiovascular system is an attractive therapeutic approach. The following is a review of current clinical trials of device-based autonomic regulation therapy in the management of HF with a reduced ej...
Source: Cardiology in Review - January 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Milrinone Dosing and a Culture of Caution in Clinical Practice
Milrinone is an invaluable agent in the treatment of end-stage heart failure patients who are refractory to optimal medical therapy. In addition to its use in acute decompensated heart failure, milrinone can also be employed as a home infusion therapy or a bridge to cardiac transplant. Concerns about its adverse effects, such as an increased risk of arrhythmias and hypotension, often limit the doses of milrinone used in clinical practice. In addition, milrinone is infrequently used or avoided entirely in patients with acute renal failure or end-stage renal disease because the drug is primarily cleared by renal excretion. D...
Source: Cardiology in Review - January 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Ability of Nonstrain Diastolic Parameters to Predict Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis
Doxorubicin is an important cause of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy. Prior studies have found conflicting results of whether nonstrain diastolic parameters can predict doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. We performed a systematic review of English written publications using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The following inclusion criteria were applied: cancer subjects, echo-derived nonstrain diastolic profile, and patients compared before and after treatment to predict systolic dysfunction. The following exclusion criteria were applied: other cardiotoxic agents, n...
Source: Cardiology in Review - January 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Mitral Valve and Subvalvular Repair for Secondary Mitral Regurgitation: Rationale and Clinical Outcomes of the Papillary Muscle Sling
We present a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology of secondary MR, and the rationale and clinical outcomes of MV repair with papillary muscle sling placement for the treatment of secondary MR. (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - January 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Cardiosphere-Derived Cells and Ischemic Heart Failure
After a myocardial infarction, heart tissue becomes irreversibly damaged, leading to scar formation and inevitably ischemic heart failure. Of the many available interventions after a myocardial infarction, such as percutaneous intervention or pharmacological optimization, none can reverse the ischemic insult on the heart and restore cardiac function. Thus, the only available cure for patients with scarred myocardium is allogeneic heart transplantation, which comes with extensive costs, risks, and complications. However, multiple studies have shown that the heart is, in fact, not an end-stage organ and that there are endoge...
Source: Cardiology in Review - January 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Five Presidents and a Secretary
No abstract available (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - January 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Yosprala: A Fixed Dose Combination of Aspirin and Omeprazole
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Patients who survive a primary cerebrovascular or cardiovascular event are at increased risk of a subsequent occurrence. Antiplatelet therapy plays an essential role for secondary prevention in individuals with stroke, transient ischemic attack, acute or chronic artery disease, or peripheral arterial disease. Maintaining high-risk patients on low-dose aspirin therapy is a fundamental component of management. However, poor adherence, secondary to the drug’s gastrointestinal side effects, has been associated with negative cardiovas...
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 7, 2017 Category: Cardiology Tags: New Therapy Update Source Type: research
