Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Natriuretic Peptide Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
The effect of bariatric surgery on natriuretic peptide levels in patients with obesity is unclear. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of bariatric surgery on B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and aminoterminal BNP (NT-proBNP) levels. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to February 2020. Primary outcomes included change in NT-proBNP or BNP levels following bariatric surgery and change in weight and body mass index. Secondary outcomes included change in blood pressure, echocardiographic findings, and heart failure...
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 9, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Bariatric Surgery as a Bridge to Heart Transplantation in Morbidly Obese Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Class 2 obesity or greater [body mass index (BMI)>35 kg/m2] is a relative contraindication for heart transplant due to its associated perioperative risks and mortality. Whether bariatric surgery can act as a potential bridging procedure to heart transplantation is unknown. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the role of bariatric surgery on improving transplant candidacy in patients with end-stage heart failure (ESHF). MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and PubMed databases were searched up to September 2019 for studies that performed bariatric surgery on patients with severe obesity and ESHF. Ou...
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 9, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Review of the Protective Effects of Statins on Cognition
Elevated cholesterol is a major risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease. Statins have proven to be effective in lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as the incidence of cardiovascular events. As a result, statins are widely prescribed in the United States, with an estimated 35 million patients on statins. Many of these patients are older than age 65 and suffer from various comorbidities, including mild to severe cognitive impairment. Early studies looking at the effects of statins on cognition have shown that statin use may lead to mild reversible cognitive decline, although long-term studi...
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Potential for Improved Primary Prevention With Statins
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This is especially true in SLE patients with traditional CVD risk factors (eg, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity) and disease-related risk factors (eg, increased SLE disease activity, elevated C-reactive protein levels, and antiphospholipid antibodies). The only guidelines in the primary prevention of CVD in SLE patients involve reducing traditional risk factors, but there are additional therapies that may be beneficial, including statin use. Current data on statin use for prevention of CV...
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Statins and Higher Diabetes Mellitus Risk: Incidence, Proposed Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors are ubiquitously prescribed for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment. However, the use of statins has been linked to the development of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM), which could possibly increase future CVD risk. This phenomenon necessitates a clear discussion of the possible etiologies of this relationship and its broader clinical consequences. We discuss the reported incidence of NODM in statin users through a rigorous review of data from metaanalyses of randomized control trials examining this association. We also highlight the various pos...
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Uremic- and Dialysis-Associated Pericarditis
Uremic pericarditis occurs as a result of inflammation of the pericardium due to toxins and immune complexes in patients with renal disease. The initial clinical manifestations of pericarditis and acute coronary syndrome may be similar, and initial EKG findings may overlap. The management of this disease needs the combined efforts of internists, cardiologists, and nephrologists. Its incidence has been reduced since the introduction of renal replacement therapy. Dialysis continues to be the mainstay of treatment. (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Evolving Paradigms in the Treatment of Atrial Septal Defects With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Atrial septal defects are one of the most frequently diagnosed congenital heart defects in adulthood. The presence of concurrent moderate or severe pulmonary arterial hypertension without Eisenmenger syndrome at the time of diagnosis can make for a challenging clinical scenario. There is continually evolving literature to determine the ideal approach to this subset of patients. Here we aim to review the clinical presentation, history, medical therapy, and closure options for atrial septal defects–pulmonary arterial hypertension with predominant left-to-right shunting, in the absence of Eisenmenger syndrome. (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Controversies Regarding Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy for Primary Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Women
This article is a review of the major research studies of HRT in postmenopausal women with respect to its safety and efficacy for the primary prevention of CVD. (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Review of the Metabolic Risk Factors for Increased Severity of Coronavirus Disease-2019
The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented many new challenges to the healthcare community with the sheer number of individuals affected and the range of symptoms at presentation. Early findings have shown that increased age is an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity. Diabetes and hypertension were also found to be strong independent risk factors for severe COVID-19. It was later discovered that obesity is a strong risk factor for severe disease as well. Possible mechanisms for the increased risk associated with metabolic disease include the increased prevalence of acute respiratory syndrome, immune ce...
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Arrhythmogenesis and COVID-19
This article aims to review prominent literature regarding COVID-19 and its link with arrhythmias, as well as to discuss some of the possible mechanisms by which arrhythmogenesis may occur in patients with COVID-19. (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Implications of Frailty in COVID-19
As the global coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 continues to cause higher mortality and hospitalization rates among older adults, strategies such as frailty screening have been suggested for resource allocation and clinical management. Frailty is a physiologic condition characterized by a decreased reserve to stressors and is associated with disability, hospitalization, and death. Measuring frailty can be a useful tool to determine the risk and prognosis of COVID-19 patients in the acute setting, and to provide higher quality of care for vulnerable...
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Alexis Carrel and His Legacy
No abstract available (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
The 11th Trial of a Cardiovascular Clinical Trialist: Coronavirus 2: Part 6
No abstract available (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
Bempedoic Acid: A New Avenue for the Treatment of Dyslipidemia
Uncontrolled dyslipidemia, specifically elevation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, is a major risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. Currently, statin therapy remains as first-line treatment for reducing both serum cholesterol levels and cardiovascular risk. However, certain patients are unable to achieve desired serum cholesterol levels despite maximally tolerated statin therapy. As a result, several nonstatin therapy avenues have been evaluated for their potential benefits in reducing cholesterol and cardiovascular risk. Bempedoic acid is one such nonstatin therapy option, which has been explored over ...
Source: Cardiology in Review - August 14, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis and Novel Therapies to Treat This Not-so-rare Cause of Cardiomyopathy
Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) is typically a late-onset disease caused by the deposit of transthyretin amyloid fibrils throughout the heart. When this occurs, various cardiac sequelae can develop, including hypotension, conduction abnormalities, and valvular lesions. The cardiomyopathy caused by ATTR-CA (ATTR-CM) has proven difficult to treat. Until recently, symptomatic management was the only therapeutic option, and many therapies used to treat congestive heart failure were ineffective or even detrimental to patients with ATTR-CM. In addition, treatment was limited to heart and liver transplantation. As a r...
Source: Cardiology in Review - August 14, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
