Cardiovascular Effects of Chemotherapy Used in the Treatment of Breast Cancers
This article will discuss the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and management of cardiotoxicity from systemic chemotherapy used to treat breast cancer. (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 16, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Review on Factors Influencing Physician Guideline Adherence in Cardiology
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in Western countries. Physician adherence to guidelines is often suboptimal, resulting in impaired patient outcome and prognosis. Multiple studies have been conducted to evaluate patterns and the influencing factors of patient adherence, but little is known about factors influencing physician guideline adherence. This review aims to identify factors influencing physician guideline adherence relevant to cardiology and to provide insights and suggestions for future improvement. Physician adherence was measured as adherence to standard local medical practice and applica...
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 16, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Cardiac Involvement in Systemic Sclerosis: Diagnostic Tools and Evaluation Methods
The heart is one of the major organs commonly involved in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Myocardial fibrosis has been identified in a high percentage of these patients. Most SSc patients with cardiac involvement (CI) are subclinical, especially early on in the course of their disease. To accurately identify CI and improve diagnosis and treatment, imaging techniques should be implemented on a regular basis following diagnosis. In this review, we discuss the up-to-date pathophysiologic basis of CI, the cardiac manifestations, and the diagnostic methods that have been published in the literature. Recent studies have shown that tis...
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 16, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Obesity in Kidney Transplantation: Impact on Transplant Candidates, Recipients, and Donors
Obesity is now common among children and adults who are kidney transplant candidates and recipients. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and kidney failure. This also pertains to potential living kidney donors with obesity. Obese patients with end-stage renal disease benefit from transplantation as do nonobese patients, but obesity is also associated with more risk. A complicating factor is that obesity is also associated with increased survival on maintenance dialysis in adults, but not in children. The assessment of obesity and body habitus should be individualized. Body mass index is a comm...
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 16, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
The Clinical Value of Heart Rate Monitoring Using an Apple Watch
Public interest in health monitoring devices has increased with the availability of wearable technologies or wearables such as the Apple Watch. These devices are collecting health data that may be useful to health professionals. Most studies to date have been conducted with a limited sample size and with healthy subjects. Recent studies have suggested the usefulness of long-term cardiac monitoring to reveal atrial fibrillation and prevent cryptogenic stroke. Wearable devices may become useful in cardiac monitoring, and further studies are needed. (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 16, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Michael E. DeBakey, Surgeon, Scientist, Innovator, and Administrator (1908–2008)
No abstract available (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 16, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Bempedoic Acid (ETC-1002): ATP Citrate Lyase InhibitorReview of a First-in-Class Medication with Potential Benefit in Statin-Refractory Cases
Bempedoic acid (BA; ETC-1002) is a new agent that reduces cholesterol synthesis through inhibition of adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase, an enzyme upstream from 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A. In animal models, BA also influences fatty acid synthesis, but in humans, its role is limited primarily to lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). In early clinical trials, BA was well tolerated and without major side effects. Alone or in various combinations with atorvastatin and/or ezetimibe, LDL-C lowering ranged from 17% to 64%. In addition, BA lowers levels of non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, C...
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: New Therapy Update Source Type: research
Exercise for Preventing Hospitalization and Readmission in Adults With Congestive Heart Failure
We critically appraised all available evidence regarding exercise interventions for improving patient survival and reducing hospital admissions in adults with chronic heart failure (HF). We searched 4 databases up to April 2018 and graded the quality of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation working group approach. We reviewed 7 meta-analyses and the publications of 48 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). In HF with reduced ejection fraction, low-quality evidence suggests that exercise prevents all-cause hospitalizations [Relative risk (RR), 0.77; 95% confidence interval...
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Patent Foramen Ovale and Hypoxemia
Patent foramen ovale (PFO), an embryonic remnant of the fetal circulation, is present in 20–25% of adults. Although recent observational studies and clinical trials have established the link between PFO-mediated right-to-left shunting with cryptogenic stroke and migraine with aura, the role of a PFO in exacerbating hypoxemic medical conditions (ie, sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, platypnea–orthodeoxia, pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, high-altitude pulmonary edema, and exercise desaturation) remains less understood. PFO-mediated hypoxemia occurs when deoxygenated venous ...
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Emerging Implications of Genetic Testing in Inherited Primary Arrhythmia Syndromes
Inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes are genetically determined disorders of cardiac ion channels or ion channel macromolecular complexes usually associated with a higher risk of sudden cardiac death. These conditions have a very broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from an asymptomatic course to syncope, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, and conduction disturbances, but may produce sudden infant death syndrome and unexplained sudden cardiac death in apparently healthy individuals. During the last 20 years, the evolving knowledge on the genetic basis of inherited arrhythmia syndromes has dramatically resh...
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Racial Disparities in the Cardiac Computed Tomography Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease: Does Gender Matter
Coronary heart disease (CHD) represents a significant healthcare burden in terms of hospital resources, morbidity, and mortality. Primary prevention and early detection of risk factors for the development of CHD are pivotal to successful intervention programs and prognostication. Yet, there remains a paucity of evidence regarding differences in the assessment of these risk factors and the tools of assessment among different ethnicities. We conducted a narrative review to assess the utility of cardiac computed tomography, particularly coronary artery calcification (CAC), in different ethnicities. We also looked to see wheth...
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Gastrointestinal Bleeding During Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support: State of the Field
Continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (CF-LVADs) are increasingly used for the management of advanced heart failure refractory to optimal medical therapy. Despite the encouraging outcomes with CF-LVADs, gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) continues to be a rather concerning complication resulting in increased rates of readmission and increased morbidity. The exact pathophysiology of CF-LVAD-associated GIB remains poorly understood, and this lack of knowledge limits our ability to control this morbid complication. What is clear, however, is that the majority of GIB episodes in LVAD patients are due to fragile GI arter...
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Ten Trials of a Cardiovascular Clinical Trialist
No abstract available (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - December 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Betrixaban: A Novel Factor Xa Inhibitor for the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Acutely Ill Medical Patients
This article provides an overview of betrixaban’s pharmacological profile, clinical trial results, and potential roles in therapy. (Source: Cardiology in Review)
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 18, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: New Therapy Update Source Type: research
Tocilizumab in Giant Cell Arteritis
Giant cell arteritis is a granulomatous immune-mediated vasculitis of medium and large vessels. It most commonly affects white females over the age of 50 and is the most common primary vasculitis in the United States. Treatment of this disease has classically been with high-dose corticosteroids, but this therapy has been associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Tocilizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin-6 receptor, has been used with great efficacy and safety in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis. As interleukin-6 has been shown to be a key cytokine in g...
Source: Cardiology in Review - October 18, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
