Programmed cell death protein 1 axis blockade in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: neoadjuvant and adjuvant approaches
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) accounts for 90% of all head and neck cancers [1,2]. Most patients are diagnosed with locally advanced (LA) disease and while LA SCCHN is potentially curable, five-year survival rates rest below 50% for high-risk individuals [3]. Moreover, the treatment paradigm of LA SCCHN has not changed over the past decades, with surgery and/or radiotherapy serving as the backbone of treatment [4]. The role of chemotherapy has been established in the curative setting. (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - July 15, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ioannis A. Vathiotis, Jennifer M. Johnson, Adam Luginbuhl, David Cognetti, Joseph Curry, Athanassios Argiris Source Type: research
Beyond HER2: Targeting the ErbB Receptor Family in Breast Cancer
The ErbB family is comprised of four transmembrane growth factor receptors which are closely related: EGFR (or HER1), HER2, HER3 and HER4 [1]. These proteins are critical for the development of normal cells, but when dysregulated, can promote disordered proliferation, invasion, and unchecked cell survival leading to the development of cancer [2]. Intricate and complex interactions between these receptors, in the presence or absence of extracellular ligands, results in activation of downstream signaling primarily via the PI3K/AKT, MAP kinase, and JAK/STAT pathways [3,4] (figure 1). (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - July 11, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Joshua Z. Drago, Emanuela Ferraro, Nour Abuhadra, Shanu Modi Source Type: research
Impact of molecular profiling on the management of patients with myelofibrosis
Myelofibrosis (MF) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) that appears de novo (primary myelofibrosis, PMF) or develops from a prior polycythemia vera (PV) or essential thrombocythemia (ET) [secondary myelofibrosis, SMF]. The disease originates from a pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell whose clonal proliferation is accompanied by inappropriate release of cytokines and growth factors which induce bone marrow fibrosis and extramedullary hematopoiesis, usually resulting in splenomegaly [1]. (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - July 7, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Irene Pastor-Gal án, Iván Martín, Blanca Ferrer, Juan-Carlos Hernández-Boluda Source Type: research
Erratum to “GCIG-Consensus guideline for long-term survivorship in gynecologic cancer: A position paper from the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG) symptom benefit committee” [Cancer Treatm. Rev. 107 (2022) 102396]
The publisher regrets that the survivorship care plan (Fig. 1) of the above article was incomplete. The complete version of the proposed survivorship care plan is now embedded as supplementary material in the article in a printable format. (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - July 5, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: H. Woopen, J. Sehouli, A. Davis, Y.C. Lee, P.A. Cohen, A. Ferrero, N. Gleeson, A. Jhingran, Y. Kajimoto, J. Mayadev, M.P. Barretina-Ginesta, S. Sundar, N. Suzuki, E. van Dorst, F. Joly Tags: Erratum Source Type: research
Rethinking breast cancer follow-up based on individual risk and recurrence management
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the world and remains a major public health burden with 25% of all cancer cases and 15% of all cancer deaths among females [1]. Incidence increased with the introduction of mammography screening and continues to grow, mainly due to population ageing; meanwhile, breast cancer survival has significantly improved over the past decades [2]. Ten-year cancer specific survival exceeds 70%, with 89% survival for local and 62% for regional disease [2]. The risk of recurrence of patients diagnosed with hormonal receptor (HR)-negative breast cancer is high during the first two years...
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - June 30, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fiorenza De Rose, Bruno Meduri, Maria Carmen De Santis, Antonella Ferro, Lorenza Marino, Riccardo Ray Colciago, Fabiana Gregucci, Valentina Vanoni, Giovanni Apolone, Serena Di Cosimo, Suzette Delaloge, Javier Cortes, Giuseppe Curigliano Source Type: research
Mutant RAS and the tumor microenvironment as dual therapeutic targets for advanced colorectal cancer
The median overall survival (OS) for patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) is estimated around 30 months [1]. Patients with RAS mutated CRC are confronted with fewer treatment options and overall worse prognosis. Although the prognostic value of KRAS mutations remains somewhat controversial, many larger cohorts point into the direction of KRAS mutations as a poor prognostic factor [2 –5]. The prognostic implications might even be mutation dependent. The high prevalence of RAS mutations in the CRC population causes an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies for this patient group. (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - June 29, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jorien B.E. Janssen, Jan Paul Medema, Elske C. Gootjes, Daniele V.F. Tauriello, Henk M.W. Verheul Source Type: research
Accelerating drug development in breast cancer: new frontiers for ER inhibition
Approximately two-thirds of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ER), a key driver of proliferation, tumorigenesis, and progression [1]. Interfering with ER signaling via endocrine therapy, a successful strategy in the control of hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer, is the mainstay of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in early and advanced stages of disease. Agents used in clinical practice include selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs), and aromatase inhibitors (AIs), which vary in their mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics (PKs). (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - June 27, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Emanuela Ferraro, Elaine M. Walsh, Jacqueline J. Tao, Sarat Chandarlapaty, Komal Jhaveri Source Type: research
Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia and Emerging Agents for Prevention and Treatment: A Review
Cancer treatment with myelosuppressive chemotherapy puts patients at risk of developing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN). Neutropenia predisposes patients to potentially life-threatening complications, including febrile neutropenia (FN), antibiotic use, hospitalization, and increased mortality.[1] In addition, oncologists may reduce the dose of chemotherapy, which can lead to low relative dose intensity (RDI) and negatively impact treatment outcomes.[2] Granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs), which were first introduced for clinical use in the 1990s, reduced the incidence of these complications and improved ...
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - June 21, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Douglas W. Blayney, Lee Schwartzberg Tags: General and Supportive Care Source Type: research
Therapeutic cancer vaccines: From biological mechanisms and engineering to ongoing clinical trials
Cancer is a significant health problem, with nearly 10 million deaths every year [1]. Besides protecting the organism from pathogens, the immune system's role is also useful for surveying the body to maintain cellular homeostasis. However, tumor cells can escape immune surveillance either by a selection of non-immunogenic tumor cell variants (immunoselection) or by actively suppressing immune response (immunesubversion)[2]. Advancements in immunotherapy have brought forth new potential therapies and prophylactic treatments that could lead to anticancer vaccines. (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - June 21, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Navid Sobhani, Bruna Scaggiante, Rachel Morris, Dafei Chai, Martina Catalano, Dana Rae Tardiel-Cyril, Praveen Neeli, Giandomenico Roviello, Giuseppina Mondani, Yong Li Tags: Anti-tumour Treatment Source Type: research
Biological and clinical perspectives of the actionable gene fusions and amplifications involving tyrosine kinase receptors in lung cancer
Precision oncology has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Over the last two decades, the deep genomic profiling of lung cancers has enabled identifying many new genes involved in the development of this disease, including oncogenic drivers that have contributed to our understanding of lung carcinogenesis and have established an era of precision medicine in advanced-stage NSCLC [1,2]. (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - June 18, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Maria Saig í, Enric Carcereny, Teresa Morán, Marc Cucurull, Marta Domènech, Ainhoa Hernandez, Anna Martinez-Cardús, Eva Pros, Montse Sanchez-Cespedes Source Type: research
Clinical Trial Data of Anti –PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Review
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a distinct type of head and neck cancer that differs from other head and neck cancers in terms of etiology and treatment [1,2]. In fact, clinical trials leading to the approval of pembrolizumab (KEYNOTE-048) and nivolumab (CheckMate 141) for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck specifically excluded patients with NPC [1]. NPC is commonly classified by its major histological subtypes (keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, nonkeratinizing differentiated cell carcinoma, nonkeratinizing undifferentiated carcinoma, or other) and disease stage [2,3]. (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - June 14, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Douglas R. Adkins, Robert I. Haddad Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - June 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Oncological outcomes of multimodality treatment for patients undergoing surgery for locally recurrent rectal cancer: a systematic review
Rectal cancer accounts for about one-third of colorectal cancers [1]. The increasing uptake of a Western lifestyle is associated with a rise in the incidence of rectal cancer [2]. Between 5% and 10% of patients with rectal cancer present with locally advanced rectal cancer [3]. The standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer is chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery in the form of total mesorectal excision (TME) and adjuvant chemotherapy [4 –6]. Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is an emerging strategy in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer, which delivers both systemic chemotherapy and neoadjuv...
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - June 9, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Michael G Fadel, Mosab Ahmed, George Malietzis, Gianluca Pellino, Shahnawaz Rasheed, Gina Brown, Paris Tekkis, Christos Kontovounisios Source Type: research
Resistance mechanisms to HER2-targeted therapy in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: A systematic review
Over one million individuals worldwide are diagnosed with esophageal or gastric cancer annually. Both cancer types are major causes of mortality, ranking sixth and third as most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, respectively [1]. According to the ESMO guidelines, it is currently recommended to treat patients with locoregional resectable esophageal adenocarcinoma with perioperative chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, whereas perioperative chemotherapy or adjuvant chemo(radio)therapy is recommended in patients with resectable gastric cancer [2,3]. (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - May 30, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dionne Blang é, Charlotte I. Stroes, Sarah Derks, Maarten F. Bijlsma, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven Tags: Anti-tumour Treatment Source Type: research
Integrating radiation therapy with targeted treatments for breast cancer: from bench to bedside
In the last decade, the breast cancer therapeutic landscape has significantly evolved [1,2] with an array of targeted therapies (i.e., antibody-drug conjugates and immunotherapy agents) now in clinical use or in late clinical development [3-5]. These biological agents can impair cancer cell proliferation (e.g., cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors -CDK4/6i- and anti-HER therapies), survival (e.g., PI3K and mTOR inhibitors and PARP inhibitors) and the ability to be recognized and destroyed by the immune system (e.g., immunotherapies) (Figure 1). (Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews)
Source: Cancer Treatment Reviews - May 21, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Icro Meattini, Lorenzo Livi, Nicla Lorito, Carlotta Becherini, Marina Bacci, Luca Visani, Alessandra Fozza, Liliana Belgioia, Mauro Loi, Monica Mangoni, Matteo Lambertini, Andrea Morandi Source Type: research
