Influence of Suboptimal Hydration on the Immune Response
Background: A healthy immune system is a subtle orchestration of the innate and adaptive immune systems that efficiently detect and process foreign antigens while tolerating the self. The influence of hypertonicity on the immune system is poorly understood [1 –16].Summary: In vitro studies suggest that hypertonicity influences innate and adaptive immunity on several cellular and molecular levels. This influence tends to be pro-inflammatory, but not always. Other cofactors include the duration of exposure to hypertonicity (chronic versus acute), the location in the body, and the timing with priming of the immune system. R...
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - February 28, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Associations between Drinking Water Source and Gut Microbiota Composition in the American Gut Project Database
Conclusions: Our results reveal that drinking water may be an important factor in shaping the gut microbiome. Future research investigating the gut microbiota in relation to environmental factors may benefit from integrating drinking water source as a covariate in the analyses.Ann Nutr Metab 2021;77(suppl 4):17 –18 (Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism)
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - February 28, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Recent Findings on the Psychology of Hydration Habits
Conclusion: These findings suggest that experiencing reward from consumption is essential in hydration habits, which may further inform applications to increase healthy hydration.Ann Nutr Metab 2021;77(suppl 4):15 –16 (Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism)
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - February 28, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Pediatric Issues in Times of Pandemia: From Infection to Nutritional Strategies
Ann Nutr Metab (Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism)
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - February 18, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Breastfeeding during a Pandemic
Background: The current pandemic and the concerns of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 have contributed to increasing the rate of breastfeeding interruption. This tendency has been associated with negative effects on the well-being of lactating mothers and their infants. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence on the strategies to support breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic and on the safety of breastfeeding during a SARS-CoV-2 infection or after COVID-19 vaccination.Summary: Available data show that the lack of support of lactating mothers during the pandemic has contributed to breastfeeding cessation...
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - February 17, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Glutamate: A Safe Nutrient, Not Just a Simple Additive
Background: In 2017, an European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) opinion on the use of glutamate and its salts as food additives led to an ADI of 30mg/kg body weight/day. Then, in 2021, an EFSA statement presented a proposal for harmonising the establishment of Health-Based Guidance Values for nutrients that are also regulated substances (including food additives). The present review argues that the 2017 glutamate ADI is unsuitable because safety of glutamate should firstly consider its status as a nutrient and not only as an additive.
Summary: Glutamate is a non-essential amino acid playing a key role in nitrogen homeostasi...
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - February 16, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Associations between gestational weight gain adequacy and neonatal outcomes in Tanzania
Introduction: Gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with fetal and newborn health; however, data from sub-Saharan Africa are limited.
Methods: We used data from a prenatal micronutrient supplementation trial among a cohort of HIV-negative pregnant women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania to estimate the relationships between GWG and newborn outcomes. GWG adequacy was defined as the ratio of the total observed weight gain over the recommended weight gain based on the Institute of Medicine body mass index (BMI)-specific guidelines. Newborn outcomes assessed were: stillbirth, perinatal death, preterm birth, low birthweight, ma...
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - February 4, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Influences of vitamin D levels and vitamin D binding protein polymorphisms on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk in a Chinese population
This study aims to investigate the effects of VD level and VDBP gene polymorphisms on the risk of NAFLD in a Chinese population.
Methods: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] levels were measured and seven VDBP candidate genetic variants (rs222020, rs2282679, rs4588, rs1155563, rs7041, rs16847024, rs3733359) were genotyped among participants in this case-control study. The control group was frequency-matched to NAFLD case group by age and gender. Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to screen determinants of 25(OH)D3 levels. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression was performed to estima...
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - January 31, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Reply to the Letter to the Editor “The Microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease: Ranking the Risk of Heart Disease”
Ann Nutr Metab (Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism)
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - January 18, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Reply to the Letter to the Editor “THE MICROBIOTA IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE: RANKING THE RISK OF HEART DISEASE”
Although it is clear that disturbance of the gut microbiota also affects brain and heart function in Parkinson ’s disease patients, the changes in the gut microbiota reported so far do not explain why we consider variation in the gut microbiota to be an independent risk factor for sudden death. Further studies are needed to determine whether it causes sudden death in PD. (Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism)
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - January 18, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
The Microbiota in Parkinson ’s Disease: Ranking the Risk of Heart Disease
(Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism)
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - January 18, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
The microbiota in parkinson's disease: ranking the risk of heart disease
This letter is a commenting on the article recently published in Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism entitled “Parkinson's Disease and Gut Microbiota” by Hirayama and Ohno published in your esteemed journal. In brief, the authors properly discussed the recent research on possible mechanisms of how gut dysbiosis is causally associated with the development and progression of Parkinson’s Disease. However , we would like to add some thoughts that may open the debate about the relationship between gut microbiome dysbiosis and cardiac disorders, highlighting the possible role of this association with the occurrence of some ...
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - January 18, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Long-Term Insufficiency of Oral Intake after Esophagectomy: Who Needs Intense Nutritional Support after Esophagectomy?
Conclusion: Nutritional support via feeding enterostomy for more than 90 days after esophagectomy was required in 23.5% of patients. The elderly, poor performance status, and lower BW were the independent preoperative factors for predicting the long-term placement of feeding enterostomy. (Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism)
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - January 17, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Long-Term Insufficiency of Oral Intake after Esophagectomy; Who Needs Intense Nutritional Support after Esophagectomy?
Conclusion. Nutritional support via feeding enterosto my for more than 90 days after esophagectomy was required in 23.5% of patients. The elderly, poor performance status, and lower body weight were the independent preoperative factors for predicting the long-term placement of feeding enterostomy. (Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism)
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - January 17, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Serum cholinesterase levels to predict all-cause mortality in a community-based study: The Takahata study
This study aimed to determine whether serum ChE levels are independent predictors of all-cause mortality in a community-based population. Methods: A total of 3,504 subjects (mean age 62.5 years) from Takahata, Japan participated and were followed up for 13.5 years (median 13.2 years). Based on baseline serum Alb and ChE levels, subjects were stratified by interquartile range as low, middle, and high. The correlation between serum Alb and ChE levels was examined by calculating correlation coefficients. The association between each group and all-cause mortality was examined by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analys...
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - December 17, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
