Modeling the lagged impacts of hourly weather and speed variation factors on the segment crash risk of rural interstate freeways: Applying a space-time-stratified case-crossover design
This study employs two interpretable statistical methods, namely the distributed lag model (DLM) and the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM), to elucidate meaningful and interpretable patterns of the lagged impacts of weather and speed variation factors on segment crash risk. Empirical evidence based on crash data collected from rural interstate freeways in the state of Texas demonstrates coherent and interpretable lagged impact patterns of these variables. This study's results serve as strong support for the existence of lagged impacts on roadway segment-level crash risk, emphasizing the need for considering time-serie...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 28, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Zihang Wei Subasish Das Yue Wu Zihao Li Yunlong Zhang Source Type: research
The causation-prevention chain in infrastructure safety measures: A consideration of four types of policy lock-ins
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 Nov 26;195:107399. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107399. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSafety policies typically follow Lasswell's linear decision cycle paradigm: diagnostics, prescription, application, monitoring, and appraisal. Contemporary policy research highlights the existence of complexities in policy-making, which trigger policy lock-ins. We consider four cases in which the complex nature of the causation-prevention discourse leads to decision-making lock-ins, which deter safety progress. The four cases are conflicting narratives, missing causation inferences, prevention and mobility mismatch, and a...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 27, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Victoria Gitelman Sigal Kaplan Shalom Hakkert Source Type: research
The causation-prevention chain in infrastructure safety measures: A consideration of four types of policy lock-ins
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 Nov 26;195:107399. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107399. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSafety policies typically follow Lasswell's linear decision cycle paradigm: diagnostics, prescription, application, monitoring, and appraisal. Contemporary policy research highlights the existence of complexities in policy-making, which trigger policy lock-ins. We consider four cases in which the complex nature of the causation-prevention discourse leads to decision-making lock-ins, which deter safety progress. The four cases are conflicting narratives, missing causation inferences, prevention and mobility mismatch, and a...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 27, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Victoria Gitelman Sigal Kaplan Shalom Hakkert Source Type: research
A multi-fidelity approach for reliability-based risk assessment of single-vehicle crashes
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 Nov 25;195:107391. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107391. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRoad vehicles are highly susceptible to single-vehicle crashes (SVCs) under complex road geometry and inclement weather, which can significantly threaten traffic safety and mobility of the whole traffic system. Most existing studies involve various simplifications and approximations to assess the associated SVC risks promptly, and therefore the assessment accuracy is often compromised. A novel multi-fidelity approach is developed for the reliability-based risk assessment of SVCs to balance the simulation accuracy and effi...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 26, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Ziluo Xiong Suren Chen Source Type: research
Prediction of jaywalker-vehicle conflicts based on encoder-decoder framework utilizing multi-source data
This study introduces a novel encoder-decoder framework that utilizes multi-source data to predict J-V conflict severity. We define three encoders to represent three types of input data, (1) J-V interaction encoder (Bi-LSTM), (2) jaywalker motion encoder (Bi-LSTM) and (3) background information encoder (MLP). Subsequently, features extracted by these three encoders are concatenated and transferred to the conflict severity decoder (MLP) to obtain the predicted severity level. We further conduct a case study using the surveyed video data at three mid-blocks without crossing facilities in Nanjing, China. The experimental resu...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 26, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Ziqian Zhang Haojie Li Gang Ren Source Type: research
Learning about crash causation from countermeasure evaluation: The example of the Queensland minimum passing distance rule
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 Nov 25;195:107401. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107401. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTClose passes by motor vehicles endanger both the safety and comfort of bicycle riders. Governments in many countries have introduced laws requiring drivers to maintain at least a minimum distance between their vehicle and the cyclist they are passing, despite relatively poor understanding of the causes of bicycle overtaking crashes at the time. Queensland was the first state in Australia to introduce such a law, with a two-year trial commencing in April 2014. The data collected during the evaluation of the trial were late...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 26, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Narelle Haworth Source Type: research
A review of surrogate safety measures on road safety at unsignalized intersections in developing countries
This study presents an all-inclusive evaluation of the recent advancements in SSMs and their practical implementation, with a particular emphasis on unsignalized intersections in developing nations. The findings of this investigation would be helpful in identifying the appropriate safety indicators for evaluating traffic safety at unsignalized intersections.PMID:37995526 | DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2023.107380 (Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention.)
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 23, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Debashis Ray Sarkar K Ramachandra Rao Niladri Chatterjee Source Type: research
E-scooters: Still the new kid on the transport block. Assessing e-scooter legislation knowledge and illegal riding behaviour
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 Nov 22;195:107390. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107390. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe use of e-scooters is rapidly increasing in cities, leading to their integration into the transportation system. However, numerous collisions involving e-scooters, including some resulting in fatalities, have been reported since their introduction. These incidents indicate that the potential dangers posed by e-scooters may be underestimated. Research suggests that a significant factor contributing to these collisions is the prevalence of illegal riding behaviour exhibited by many riders. This paper presents three studi...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 23, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Petya Ventsislavova Thom Baguley Josceline Antonio Daniel Byrne Source Type: research
A review of surrogate safety measures on road safety at unsignalized intersections in developing countries
This study presents an all-inclusive evaluation of the recent advancements in SSMs and their practical implementation, with a particular emphasis on unsignalized intersections in developing nations. The findings of this investigation would be helpful in identifying the appropriate safety indicators for evaluating traffic safety at unsignalized intersections.PMID:37995526 | DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2023.107380 (Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention.)
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 23, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Debashis Ray Sarkar K Ramachandra Rao Niladri Chatterjee Source Type: research
E-scooters: Still the new kid on the transport block. Assessing e-scooter legislation knowledge and illegal riding behaviour
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 Nov 22;195:107390. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107390. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe use of e-scooters is rapidly increasing in cities, leading to their integration into the transportation system. However, numerous collisions involving e-scooters, including some resulting in fatalities, have been reported since their introduction. These incidents indicate that the potential dangers posed by e-scooters may be underestimated. Research suggests that a significant factor contributing to these collisions is the prevalence of illegal riding behaviour exhibited by many riders. This paper presents three studi...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 23, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Petya Ventsislavova Thom Baguley Josceline Antonio Daniel Byrne Source Type: research
A review of surrogate safety measures on road safety at unsignalized intersections in developing countries
This study presents an all-inclusive evaluation of the recent advancements in SSMs and their practical implementation, with a particular emphasis on unsignalized intersections in developing nations. The findings of this investigation would be helpful in identifying the appropriate safety indicators for evaluating traffic safety at unsignalized intersections.PMID:37995526 | DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2023.107380 (Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention.)
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 23, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Debashis Ray Sarkar K Ramachandra Rao Niladri Chatterjee Source Type: research
E-scooters: Still the new kid on the transport block. Assessing e-scooter legislation knowledge and illegal riding behaviour
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 Nov 22;195:107390. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107390. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe use of e-scooters is rapidly increasing in cities, leading to their integration into the transportation system. However, numerous collisions involving e-scooters, including some resulting in fatalities, have been reported since their introduction. These incidents indicate that the potential dangers posed by e-scooters may be underestimated. Research suggests that a significant factor contributing to these collisions is the prevalence of illegal riding behaviour exhibited by many riders. This paper presents three studi...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 23, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Petya Ventsislavova Thom Baguley Josceline Antonio Daniel Byrne Source Type: research
Assessing the effectiveness of speed limit reduction in Edmonton: A case study analysis
This study evaluates the impact of reducing the default speed limit from 50 km/h to 40 km/h on traffic safety and drivers' behavior in Edmonton, Canada. The research comprehensively examines collision and speed data to assess the outcomes of the new speed limit. Collision data was analyzed across three distinct periods: pre-COVID (2017-2019), the COVID period (2019-2021), and the after-implementation period (August 2021 to July 2022). Speed surveys were conducted on 219 road segments before and after the implementation of the speed limit change. The study utilized a before-and-after with a comparison group approach to eval...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 22, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Ahmed Abohassan Laura Contini Hesham Elmasry Karim El-Basyouny Source Type: research
Assessing the effectiveness of speed limit reduction in Edmonton: A case study analysis
This study evaluates the impact of reducing the default speed limit from 50 km/h to 40 km/h on traffic safety and drivers' behavior in Edmonton, Canada. The research comprehensively examines collision and speed data to assess the outcomes of the new speed limit. Collision data was analyzed across three distinct periods: pre-COVID (2017-2019), the COVID period (2019-2021), and the after-implementation period (August 2021 to July 2022). Speed surveys were conducted on 219 road segments before and after the implementation of the speed limit change. The study utilized a before-and-after with a comparison group approach to eval...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 22, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Ahmed Abohassan Laura Contini Hesham Elmasry Karim El-Basyouny Source Type: research
Predicting changes in driving performance in individuals who use cannabis following acute use based on self-reported readiness to drive
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 Nov 18;195:107376. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107376. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: It is unclear to what extent individuals who use cannabis can accurately assess their ability to drive safely following cannabis use, and lack of understanding as to what factors influence changes in driving performance following cannabis use. This research explores whether self-reported readiness to drive (RTD) and previous experience (PE) using cannabis within 2 h of driving can predict observed changes in driving performance following acute cannabis use.METHODS: Individuals who used cannabis at least monthly...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - November 20, 2023 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Ryan Miller Timothy Brown Rose Schmitt Gary Gaffney Gary Milavetz Source Type: research
