Patterns of human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance mutations in people living with human immunodeficiency virus in India: A scoping review

Sivaraman Balaji, J Madhumathi, Aradhana Bhargava, Tanvi Singh, Nupur Mahajan, Deepti Ambalkar, Sumit AggarwalIndian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS 2022 43(1):13-19 The human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic still exists as a major global public health burden, especially in the middle- and low-income countries. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains a sole option to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with this disease as no approved vaccine candidates are available. About 67% of the people living with HIV (PLHIV) have received the ART in 2019 worldwide. As a consequence of increased ART regimes, the prevalence of drug resistance mutations (DRM) also has been escalating and it would become a significant barrier in achieving the United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS goal of eliminating HIV by 2030. So far, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), and protease inhibitor-(PI) associated DRM have been reported across the globe with a considerable escalation in the annual prevalence rate of pretreatment NNRTI DRM. Conversely, NRTI-associated DRM is still under 5%, with a few scattered reports of significant increase from few countries such as southern and eastern Africa. Likewise, in India, the propositions of NRTI and NNRTI-associated DRM have increased since the commencement of the nationwide ART program in 2004. In agr...
Source: Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases - Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Source Type: research