Evaluation and Management of Delirium in Dementia

AbstractPurposeOur review aims to provide evidence-based information about diagnosis, evaluation, and management of delirium in the dementia population. In this review, we will define delirium and assess its impact on those individuals with dementia. We will summarize measures used to evaluate the underlying causes of delirium. Finally, we will discuss treatment and management options, including non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies.Recent FindingsNew research into delirium has been sparse; however, there have been a couple of trials involving supplements such as melatonin. Other approaches, such as music therapy, have also been used. These have not yielded statistically significant results and may require larger trials for confirmation. Observational studies have shown an increased risk of dementia and cognitive decline in geriatric patients with delirium, meaning that prevention may be helpful for future quality of life.SummaryDelirium in the setting of dementia can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Timely evaluation and treatment can be effective in helping with quality and quantity of life. The overall strategy needs to be focused on prompt identification of delirium, finding possible causes, and applying safe and effective management for the patient, with expeditious discharge from an inpatient setting.
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - Category: Neurology Source Type: research