Chemoprevention of Urothelial Cell Carcinoma Tumorigenesis by Dietary Flavokawain A in UPII-Mutant Ha-ras Transgenic Mice

Pharmaceutics. 2022 Feb 24;14(3):496. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030496.ABSTRACTNon-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has one of the highest recurrence rates among all solid cancers and the highest lifetime treatment cost per patient. Therefore, the development of chemoprevention strategies for reducing the occurrence and recurrence of NMIBC as well as its burdens on the healthcare system is valuable. Our aim was to determine whether flavokawain A (FKA), a kava chalcone isolated from the kava plant, can target the in vivo activated Ha-ras pathway for prevention and treatment of NMIBC. UPII-mutant Ha-ras transgenic mice that develop papillary urothelial cell carcinoma were fed orally with vehicle control or FKA-formulated food for 6 months starting at 6 weeks of age. Seventy-nine percent (15/19) of male mice fed with 6 g FKA per kilogram (kg) of food survived beyond the 6 months of treatment, while 31.6% (6/19) of control food-fed male mice survived the 6-month treatment period (p = 0.02). The mean bladder weights in FKA vs. control food-fed mice were 0.216 ± 0.033 vs. 0.342 ± 0.039 g in male mice (p = 0.0413) and 0.043 ± 0.004 vs. 0.073 ± 0.004 g in female mice (p < 0.0001); FKA reduced bladder weight by 37% and 41%, respectively. The tumor burdens, determined by the wet bladder weight, in these mice were inversely related to plasma FKA concentrations. In addition to decreased bladder weight, FKA treatment significantly reduced the incidences of hydronephrosi...
Source: Cancer Control - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Source Type: research