Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Vascular Perturbation/Atherosclerosis.

Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Vascular Perturbation/Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020 Sep 03;:ATVBAHA120312470 Authors: Won Kim H, Shi H, Winkler MA, Lee R, Weintraub NL Abstract Atherosclerosis is orchestrated by complex interactions between vascular and inflammatory cells. Traditionally, it has been considered to be an intimal inflammatory disease, characterized by endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory cell recruitment, lipid oxidation, and foam cell formation. This inside-out signaling paradigm has been accepted as dogma for many years, despite the fact that inflammatory cells are far more prevalent in the adventitia compared with the intima. For decades, the origin of adventitial inflammation in atherosclerosis was unknown. The fact that these inflammatory cells were observed to cluster at the margin of perivascular adipose tissues-a unique and highly inflammatory adipose depot that surrounds most atherosclerosis-prone blood vessels-has stimulated interest in perivascular adipose tissue-mediated outside-in signaling in vascular pathophysiology, including atherosclerosis. The phenotype of perivascular adipocytes underlies the functional characteristics of this depot, including its role in adventitial inflammatory cell recruitment, trafficking to the intima via the vasa vasorum, and atherosclerosis perturbation. This review is focused on emerging concepts pertaining to outside-in signaling in atherosclerosis dr...
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - Category: Cardiology Authors: Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research