Importance of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) as an antioxidant and antiatherogenic enzyme in the cardiovascular complications of type 2 diabetes: Genotypic and phenotypic evaluation

The paraoxonase (PON) gene family includes three members (PON1, PON2 and PON3) that are located next to each other on the long arm of human chromosome 7. PON1 and PON3 are mainly found in the bloodstream and bind to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) while PON2 is an intracellular enzyme. All three members of this family have antioxidant properties and play an important role in retarding the oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and cell membranes [1,2]. The term paraoxonase is originally derived from the enzyme ’s ability to hydrolyze paraoxon (diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate), which is metabolically produced from the insecticide parathion [3,4].

Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - February 6, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yasaman Shokri, Atena Variji, Mani Nosrati, Abbas Khonakdar-Tarsi, Anvarsadat Kianmehr, Zahra Kashi, Adele Bahar, Abouzar Bagheri, Abdolkarim Mahrooz Source Type: research