Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: Current Concepts of Pathogenesis and Potential Targets for Treatment.

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: Current Concepts of Pathogenesis and Potential Targets for Treatment. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 May 31;: Authors: Vasakova M, Selman M, Morell F, Sterclova M, Molina-Molina M, Raghu G Abstract Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a disease triggered by different inducers in susceptible individuals. The inhaled inducing particles can be of both organic and less frequently inorganic origin. Environmental exposure is usually complex and exposure to monocomponent antigen is rather rare. The disease has heterogenous clinical presentation based on the interaction of individual host factors and components of inducing matter. The complex underlying pathogenetic mechanisms associated to HP contribute to the vast interindividual variation in clinical presentation of the disease. Innate immune response plays a substantial role in antigen recognition, processing and presentation. The antigens are then expressed in context with MHC molecules on surface of antigen presenting cells and initiate the humoral and cellular adaptive immune response. HP is characterized by an exaggerated T cell-mediated immunity primarily Th1 type, however, immune-complex-mediated lung injury with specific immunoglobulin G antibodies may participate as well. Persistent and/or recurrent exposure of the inducer/s leads to progressive fibrosis and manifest features of chronic HP similar to patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Gene...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research