The combination of retinoic acid and estrogen can increase germ cells genes expression in mouse embryonic stem cells derived primordial germ cells.

This study shows that estrogen affects the expression of specific markers of primordial germ cells. Also, estrogen and retinoic acid speed up and increase the level of expression of specific markers.
PMID: 30309678 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Source: Biologicals : Journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization - October 8, 2018 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Eskandari N, Hassani Moghaddam M, Atlasi MA, Amini Mahabadi J, Taherian A, Nikzad H Tags: Biologicals Source Type: research