Neuroendocrine and neuroimmune adaptation to Chronic Escalating Distress (CED): A novel model of chronic stress

Publication date: Available online 18 August 2018Source: Neurobiology of StressAuthor(s): Dennis F. Lovelock, Terrence DeakAbstractAcute and chronic stress challenges have a profound influence on the development and expression of subsequent affective disorders, alcohol use disorders, and natural aging processes. These experiments examined adaptation in neuroimmune and neuroendocrine responses that occurred as a result of exposure to a novel model of chronic stress, termed chronic escalating distress (CED). This model involves exposure to highly predictable daily stress challenges involving a systematic escalation in both the intensity and length of daily stress challenges, and has recently been shown to profoundly alter alcohol sensitivity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to an 11 day procedure where days 1–5 consisted of 60 min of restraint, days 6–10 consisted of 60 min of restraint immediately followed by 30 min of forced swim, and on day 11 subjects were exposed to a 2 h session of intermittent footshock. Experiment 1 examined adaptation in the corticosterone (CORT) response at key points in the 11 day procedure, and found that the escalation in stressors disrupted habituation to restraint, whereas the CORT response to daily forced swim exposure increased across days. Experiment 2 investigated the impact of this stress paradigm on the expression of several cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and cellular activation marker (c-Fos, CD14, CD200R) genes in key b...
Source: Neurobiology of Stress - Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research