Hydrogen peroxide extracellular concentration in the ventrolateral medulla and its increase in response to hypoxia in vitro: possible role of microglia.

Hydrogen peroxide extracellular concentration in the ventrolateral medulla and its increase in response to hypoxia in vitro: possible role of microglia. Brain Res. 2018 Apr 28;: Authors: Kenia PP, Julio LJ, Polet CN, Benito O, Benjamín VS, Alberto MV, Peña-Ortega F Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a messenger involved in both damaging neuroinflammatory responses and physiological cell communication. The ventrolateral medulla, which regulates several vital functions including breathing and blood pressure, is highly influenced by hydrogen peroxide, whose extracellular levels could be determined by hypoxia and microglial activity, both of which modulate ventrolateral medulla function. Therefore, in this study we aimed to test whether different patterns of hypoxia and/or putative microglial modulators change extracellular hydrogen peroxide in the ventrolateral medulla by using an enzymatic reactor online sensing procedure specifically designed for this purpose. With this new technique, we detected extracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide in the ventrolateral medulla in vitro, which spontaneously fluctuated. These fluctuations are reduced by minocycline, a putative microglial inhibitor, and by the microglial toxin liposomal clodronate. Suitably, lipopolysaccharide increases extracellular hydrogen peroxide, and minocycline and by liposomal clodronate reduce this increase. Application of blue light to slices with microglia expressing...
Source: Brain Research - Category: Neurology Authors: Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research