Risk factors associated with multiple correlated health outcomes in the 500 Cities Project

Publication date: July 2018 Source:Preventive Medicine, Volume 112 Author(s): Shelley H. Liu, Bian Liu, Yan Li Reducing chronic disease is a major health challenge. Risk factors for chronic diseases are often studied at the individual level, even though interventions and policies may be implemented at the city level. We use an ecologic study design with city-level data, to simultaneously assess the relative impact of unhealthy behaviors and preventive care measures on multiple chronic disease health outcomes. We analyze a newly available, large national dataset called the 500 Cities Project. We examine the associations between city-level prevalence of unhealthy behaviors, clinical preventive service use, and all chronic disease health outcomes in 500 of the largest U.S. cities for year 2014. After adjusting for age and demographic characteristics, using MANOVA we found that the top three risk factors for all health outcomes are smoking (Pillai's trace = 0.95, approx. F = 688.7, p-value < 0.0001), lack of physical activity (Pillai's trace = 0.91, approx. F = 380.0, p-value < 0.0001) and binge drinking (Pillai's trace = 0.91, approx. F = 348.8, p-value < 0.0001), which are statistically significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Higher prevalence of an annual dental checkup, a preventive service use measure, is correlated with lower prevalence of several chronic diseases such as diabetes (correlation coeff...
Source: Preventive Medicine - Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research