Cerebral processing of facial emotions in bipolar I and II disorders: an event-related potential study

Bipolar disorder, which has two major types, bipolar I (BD I) and II (BD II), is one of the most debilitating diseases worldwide (Kessler et al., 2008). BD I presents with succeeding episodes of mania and depression, and BD II with hypomania and depression (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The dominant pathology of bipolar disorder is the mood instability, including the impaired emotional processing and regulation (van Rheenen and Rossell, 2013; Bilderbeck et al., 2016). More clinical evidence show that BD I has high levels of anxiety, irritability and impulsivity (Serretti and Olgiati, 2005), while BD II has increased suicidal ideas and behaviors (Undurraga et al., 2011), and a longer course of illness with lower probability to return to premorbid function between episodes (Judd et al., 2003).
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - Category: Neurology Authors: Tags: Research paper Source Type: research