Aging and parkinson's disease: inflammaging, neuroinflammation and biological remodelling as key factors in pathogenesis.

AGING AND PARKINSON'S DISEASE: INFLAMMAGING, NEUROINFLAMMATION AND BIOLOGICAL REMODELLING AS KEY FACTORS IN PATHOGENESIS. Free Radic Biol Med. 2017 Oct 25;: Authors: Calabrese V, Santoro A, Monti D, Crupi R, Paola RD, Latteri S, Cuzzocrea S, Zappia M, Giordano J, Calabrese EJ, Franceschi C Abstract In order to better understand the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease (PD) it is important to consider possible contributory factors inherent to the aging process, as age-related changes in a number of physiological systems (perhaps incurred within particular environments) appear to influence the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Accordingly, we posit that a principal mechanism underlying PD is inflammaging, i.e. the chronic inflammatory process characterized by an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms which has been recognized as operative in several age-related, and notably neurodegenerative diseases. Recent conceptualization suggests that inflammaging is part of the complex adaptive mechanisms ("re-modeling") that are ongoing through the lifespan, and which function to prevent or mitigate endogenous processes of tissue disruption and degenerative change(s). The absence of an adequate anti-inflammatory response can fuel inflammaging, which propagates on both local (i.e.- from cell to cell) and systemic levels (e.g.- via exosomes and other molecules present in the blood). In general, this scenario is compa...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - Category: Biology Authors: Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research