Diabetes and kidney disease: the role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) and SGLT-2 inhibitors in modifying disease outcomes.

Diabetes and kidney disease: the role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) and SGLT-2 inhibitors in modifying disease outcomes. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016 Dec 15;:1-37 Authors: Mende CW Abstract Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) often have coexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, healthy renal function is crucial in maintaining glucose homeostasis, assuring that almost all of the filtered glucose is reabsorbed by the sodium glucose cotransporters (SGLT) SGLT-1 and SGLT-2. In diabetes, an increased amount of glucose is filtered by the kidneys and SGLT-2 is upregulated, leading to increased glucose absorption and worsening hyperglycemia. Prolonged hyperglycemia contributes to the development of CKD by inducing metabolic and hemodynamic changes in the kidneys. Due to the importance of SGLT-2 in regulating glucose levels, investigation into SGLT-2 inhibitors was initiated as a glucose-dependent mechanism to control hyperglycemia, and there are 3 agents currently approved for use in the United States: dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, and empagliflozin. SGLT-2 inhibitors have been shown to reduce glycated hemoglobin (A1C), weight, and blood pressure, which not only affects glycemic control, but may also help slow the progression of renal disease by impacting the underlying mechanisms of kidney injury. In addition, SGLT-2 inhibitors have shown reductions in albuminuria, uric acid, and an increase in magnesium. Caution is advised ...
Source: Current Medical Research and Opinion - Category: Research Tags: Curr Med Res Opin Source Type: research