The ICSD-3 and DSM-5 Guidelines for Diagnosing Narcolepsy: Clinical Relevance and Practicality.

The ICSD-3 and DSM-5 Guidelines for Diagnosing Narcolepsy: Clinical Relevance and Practicality. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016 Jun 30;:1-47 Authors: Ruoff C, Rye D Abstract Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disease manifesting as difficulties with maintaining continuous wake and sleep. Clinical presentation varies but requires excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) occurring alone or together with features of rapid-eye movement (REM)-sleep dissociation (e.g., cataplexy, hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations, sleep paralysis), and disrupted nighttime sleep. Narcolepsy with cataplexy is associated with reductions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin due to destruction of hypocretin peptide-producing neurons in the hypothalamus in individuals with a specific genetic predisposition. Updated diagnostic criteria include the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and International Classification of Sleep Disorders Third Edition (ICSD-3). DSM-5 criteria require EDS in association with any one of the following: 1) cataplexy; 2) CSF hypocretin deficiency; 3) REM sleep latency ≤15 minutes on nocturnal polysomnography (PSG); or 4) mean sleep latency ≤8 minutes on multiple sleep latency testing (MSLT) with ≥2 sleep-onset REM-sleep periods (SOREMPs). ICSD-3 relies more upon objective data in addition to EDS, somewhat complicating the diagnostic criteria: 1) cataplexy and either positive MSLT/PSG findings o...
Source: Current Medical Research and Opinion - Category: Research Tags: Curr Med Res Opin Source Type: research