Potential of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells in Transplantation

Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are the most important subset of antigen presenting cells (APC) that are able to polarize the immune response to pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory response. This duality places DC in the axis between tolerance and immunogenicity. The regulation of polarization is the key point in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation. In order to manipulate this duality, DC have been generated ex vivo with a tolerogenic or immunogenic profile since several years. During the last decade, cell therapy using tolerogenic DC (TolDC) has been shown to be safe and effective both in autoimmune diseases and transplantation models in animals. Since 2011, recipient TolDC has been tested in clinical trials in type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s diseases with favourable results in terms of safety. Indeed, other clinical trials are ongoing including a phase I/II clinical assay in kidney transplantation. In this review, we will discuss the potential of TolDC that has been demonstrated in animal models and used in clinical trials.

Source: Current Transplantation Reports - June 14, 2016 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research