Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 in a young adult: a case report with literature review

This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes associated with HSV-1-induced HLH. We herein report an adult case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis caused by herpes simplex virus type 1, diagnosed on the basis of peripheral blood metagenomic next-generation sequencing results. The patient exhibited a favorable response to treatment, involving dexamethasone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and acyclovir. Notably, etoposide administration was deemed unnecessary, and there has been no recurrence of the disease within the year following treatment. Early and sensitive recognition, rapid and precise diagnosis, and timely and appropriate treatment facilitated the successful treatment of this case.
Source: Journal of Hematopathology - Category: Pathology Source Type: research