The effect of maternal prenatal tobacco smoking on offspring academic achievement: A systematic review and meta-analysis

CONCLUSION: Our review found a positive association between maternal prenatal tobacco smoking and offspring reduced academic achievement. However, variation in the adjustment of potential confounders and significant heterogeneity across included studies limited more conclusive inference. Mechanistic studies to identify causal pathways and specific academic impacts are needed to inform targeted developmental programs to assist child learning and academic performance.PMID:38367506 | DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107985

Source: Addictive Behaviors - February 17, 2024 Category: Addiction Authors: Bereket Duko Asres Bedaso Berihun Assefa Dachew Elizabeth Newnham Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin Gizachew Tessema Kristjana Einarsdottir Rosa Alati Gavin Pereira Source Type: research