Immunoprotection of cellular transplants for autoimmune type 1 diabetes through local drug delivery

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2024 Jan 28;206:115179. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115179. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune condition that results in the destruction of insulin-secreting β cells of the islets of Langerhans. Allogeneic islet transplantation could be a successful treatment for T1DM; however, it is limited by the need for effective, permanent immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection. Upon transplantation, islets are rejected through non-specific, alloantigen specific, and recurring autoimmune pathways. Immunosuppressive agents used for islet transplantation are generally successful in inhibiting alloantigen rejection, but they are suboptimal in hindering non-specific and autoimmune pathways. In this review, we summarize the challenges with cellular immunological rejection and therapeutics used for islet transplantation. We highlight agents that target these three immune rejection pathways and how to package them for controlled, local delivery via biomaterials. Exploring macro-, micro-, and nano-scale immunomodulatory biomaterial platforms, we summarize their advantages, challenges, and future directions. We hypothesize that understanding their key features will help identify effective platforms to prevent islet graft rejection. Outcomes can further be translated to other cellular therapies beyond T1DM.PMID:38286164 | DOI:10.1016/j.addr.2024.115179

Source: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews - January 29, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: T R Lansberry C L Stabler Source Type: research