Recent advances in neoantigen vaccines for treating non ‐small cell lung cancer

In our institute, two strategies for identifying individual-specific new antigens were established and compared in patients with advanced solid tumors, including lung cancer. In the first strategy, second-generation sequencing of somatic mutations was conducted for each patient, followed by prediction for potential high-affinity mutant epitopes. In the second strategy, a shared library of neoantigen peptides was constructed. Twenty-one mutated genes were selected with a mutation frequency of>10% in solid tumors from the COSMIC database and were further analyzed in 2430 solid tumor sequencing samples from the TCGA database. Twenty-nine ideal hot spot mutations, including KRAS, TP53, CTNNB1, EGFR, BRAF, PIK3CA, and GNAS, were identified. The neoantigen library was constructed to identify neoantigens in a timely and convenient manner. AbstractThe breakthrough of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade therapy has changed the clinical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the past few years. The success of PD-1 blockade therapy has been attributed to high tumor mutation burden and high immunogenicity of lung cancer cells. To further improve the efficacy of NSCLC immunotherapy and overcome the resistance of lung cancer cells to immune checkpoint blockade, new approaches that enhance the active immune response, such as neoantigen vaccines and cellular-based therapies, are urgently required. Neoantigens are considered ideal targets for cancer immunotherapy be...
Source: Thoracic Cancer - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: MINI REVIEW Source Type: research