Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Shippers for Noncoding RNA ‐Based Modulation of Angiogenesis: Insights from Ischemic Stroke and Cancer

Although noticeable pathophysiological discrepancies exist in cancer and stroke, these two conditions share a common pathway, namely hypoxia-associated angiogenesis. The possible mechanism behind this co-occurrence has been pointed to the extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). EV-ncRNAs exhibit abilities to modulate angiogenesis both in the tumor microenvironment and in stroke. Moreover, EV delivery of ncRNA is expected to become an essential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tool. AbstractIschemic stroke and systemic cancer are two of the leading causes of mortality. Hypoxia is a central pathophysiological component in ischemic stroke and cancer, representing a joint medical function. This function includes angiogenesis regulation. Vascular remodeling coupled with axonal outgrowth following cerebral ischemia is critical in improving poststroke neurological functional recovery. Antiangiogenic strategies can inhibit cancer vascularization and play a vital role in impeding cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Although there are significant differences in the cause of angiogenesis across both pathophysiological conditions, emerging evidence states that common signaling structures, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), are involved in this context. EVs, heterogeneous membrane vesicles encapsulating proteomic genetic information from parental cells, act as multifunctional regulators of intercellular communication. Among...
Source: Small - Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research