Female Urethral Diverticula: a Contemporary Narrative Review of Aetiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo perform a contemporary review of the current literature on female urethral diverticula (UD) relating to aetiology and pathophysiology, classification, diagnostic evaluation and treatment.Recent FindingsA search of the Medline/PubMed electronic database was performed up to January 2022. Further studies were chosen on the basis of manual searches of reference lists and review papers. The new EAU non-neurogenic female LUTS guideline has been used as the basis for this review. A further up-to-date search has been carried out to update the evidence.SummaryThere are no high quality trials. The evidence is based on small series and case reports given the low incidence of the disease. UD is a rare condition and diagnosis relies on high index of suspicion. MRI is the gold standard investigation, but urodynamics should be considered in cases with significant associated lower urinary symptoms. The most established treatment option is urethral diverticulectomy but patients should be carefully counselled about the risk of complications.
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research