Long-Term Failure Rates Among Interventions for Benign Prostatic Obstruction
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAs novel approaches for treating bladder outlet obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia proliferate, it is critical for urologists to have accurate information regarding the durability of these procedures as they counsel patients. We summarize the available data examining the rate and time course of treatment failure for common contemporary procedures.Recent FindingsThere is significant clinical variability between procedures for benign prostatic hyperplasia with lack of long-term evidence for several newer procedures.SummaryWhile numerous surgical approaches for benign prostatic hyperplasi...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - March 4, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

The Clinical Reality of Granulomatous Prostatitis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewGranulomatous prostatitis is a rare inflammatory disease of the prostate. It is challenging for the clinician because it mimics prostate cancer and cannot be distinguished from prostate cancer clinically, biochemically, or radiologically. Granulomatous prostatitis can only be diagnosed by histopathological examination. To prevent overdiagnosis and overtreatment, it is an important disease to recognize.Recent FindingsThere are multiple case reports and studies describing granulomatous prostatitis.SummaryThis review aims to give an overview regarding the epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation,...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 28, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Predictive Value of Urodynamic Studies for Overactive Bladder
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe use of urodynamic studies (UDS) in overactive bladder (OAB) diagnosis is contested due to concerns of invasiveness, cost-effectiveness, and relative lack of impact on treatment strategy. We aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the role of UDS in the diagnosis of refractory OAB, while also providing a synthesis of recent studies on this topic.Recent FindingsRecent studies that endorse the use of UDS show that incorporation of UDS findings may increase patient compliance and satisfaction with OAB treatment. Studies suggest that this greater patient satisfaction may be attributed to the abil...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 24, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Stem Cell and Neural Progenitor Cell Therapy for Neurogenic Bladder —Where Are We in 2023?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to consolidate the currently available literature regarding the treatment of neurogenic bladder (NGB) with stem cells or neural progenitor cells (NPCs).Recent FindingsSeveral promising studies published in the past 5  years suggest therapeutic potential of stem cells in treating NGB. In vitro models of NGB have demonstrated the efficacy of stem cells from varying sources to induce nerve regeneration while simultaneously improving bladder function parameters. Additionally, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were foun d to inhibit fibrosis through the TGF-β1 signaling pathway while thei...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 24, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Social Ecology of Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction
AbstractPurpose of Review.To review the literature on the social ecology of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction through a multi-level framework.Recent Findings.Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction is a complex collection of symptoms, which significantly affects and is affected by various levels of the social experience across all levels, including individual, interpersonal, community, and societal. Individual factors include the profound effects on both overall and bladder-specific QOL, the significant psychosocial comorbidity, and the burden of unmet social needs. Interpersonal relationships —including soci...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 24, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Does Delaying Surgical Treatment of BPH Affect Long-Term Outcomes?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLower urinary tract symptoms due to bladder outlet obstruction are a significant health issue affecting millions of men in the USA. Pharmacotherapy has been successfully used to control symptoms and is the first line therapy. However, prolonged medical therapy does not prevent disease progression and can lead to significant delays in transurethral surgery. The disease progression has shown to be associated with the development of complications such as acute urinary retention and the need for catheterization leading to worse long-term outcomes after BPH surgery. Herein, we review literature identify...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 20, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

IBS and Chronic Prostatitis: Update on Chronic Pelvic Pain
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe article aims to outline the pathogenesis, etiology, prevalence, and evaluation of chronic pelvic pain as it pertains to patients with two of the common causes: IBS and UCPPS.Recent FindingsBecause both diseases are diagnoses of exclusion, it is important to rule out other similar diagnoses. Biological markers are a new research frontier for identifying UCPP.SummaryA careful and multimodal approach is then taken to address the patient ’s goals and seek to optimize the QOL. (Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports)
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 17, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Management of Colovesical Fistulae: The Updated Evidence
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this review is to summarize the latest literature available about the management of patients affected by colovesical fistulae (CVFs).Recent FindingsRecent systematic reviews have shed light on optimal approaches for managing colovesical fistulae, offering a comprehensive understanding of the disease in a systematic manner. These recent findings contribute significantly to refining diagnostic protocols and treatment strategies.SummaryThe management of colovesical fistulae has evolved in recent years. Emphasizing the significance of a thorough diagnostic evaluation and advocating minimally...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 14, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

In the Era of Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate Is Preoperative Urodynamics Required for Men in Urinary Retention?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this review is to challenge the dogma that urodynamics is required to identify detrusor underactivity and bladder outlet obstruction for men in urinary retention prior to offering any bladder outlet surgery in the era of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP). Classically, bladder outlet surgery was not recommended for patients with detrusor underactivity as men with detrusor underactivity who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) had worse outcomes than those who underwent TURP for bladder outlet obstruction without detrusor underactivity. We review the ev...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 8, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Use and Outcomes of Botulinum Toxin A for Both Neurogenic and Non-neurogenic Voiding Dysfunction in the Pediatric Patient
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we seek to present the most recent data that is available and not perform an exhaustive review of the whole literature. Many recent publications have provided us with randomized prospective studies which confirmed much of the prior groundbreaking work done by the authors who published some of the original work in the field. In some cases, we may intersperse data from an adult study when there is a lack of data from a pediatric study.Recent FindingsIn a 48-week prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study in children (aged 5 –17 years) with neurogenic detrusor overact...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 6, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Chronic Eosinophilic Cystitis: Up to Date Evidence Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEosinophilic cystitis is a rare condition of unknown etiology. However, many factors can trigger such pathology, its symptoms may mimic many other clinical situations. In this article, the author is aiming to illustrate and summarize the up-to-date evidence about this disorder.Recent FindingsThe latest published evidence about eosinophilic cystitis was reviewed and data about different triggers was collected. Different treatment modalities ranging from medications such as steroids to surgical interventions were mentioned in this review.SummaryThere are different recommended treatments owing to diff...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - February 1, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Urinary Biomarkers of Detrusor Underactivity
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDetrusor underactivity (DU) is a urodynamic diagnosis, often related with the multifactorial symptom complex designated as underactive bladder (UAB), resulting in prolonged and/or incomplete bladder emptying, and many times with a high postvoid residual. DU is a largely under-researched topic and constitutes a multifactorial condition, with several underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, which can be categorized as idiopathic, neurogenic, myogenic, or functional. The main etiological factors of DU are aging, diabetes mellitus, neurogenic disorders, and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Biomarkers...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - January 29, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Using Pictures Instead of Words: Visual-Validated Questionnaires for LUTS and Neurogenic Bladder
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we evaluate the potential of visual questionnaires for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) as a clinically viable alternative to written questionnaires, aiming for improved accuracy and user-friendliness.Recent FindingsSeveral visual questionnaires, including VPSS, modified VPSS, SVPI, VASUS, LUTS-V, and DRIPSS, have been developed and validated for the assessment of male LUTS through predominantly quantitative studies, with a limited number of qualitative studies.SummaryVisual questionnaires demonstrate comparable efficacy to the written questionnaires, particularly proving their s...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - January 27, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Unresolved Pyuria
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, the most recent literature regarding causes of sterile pyuria and the conditions that can co-occur or present with sterile pyuria will be addressed. Specifically, we examine sterile pyuria in the context of genitourinary tuberculosis, sexually transmitted infections, interstitial cystitis, and genitourinary malignancy.Recent FindingsNewer diagnostic technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) have shown that urine may not truly be sterile. Unresolved pyuria (i.e., pyuria without identifiable cause) may therefore be caused by sub-clinical infections or the result of underly...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - January 25, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

How to Diagnose Dysfunctional Voiding
AbstractPurposeThis review aims to discuss the diagnosis and assessment of dysfunctional voiding in both children and adults.Recent FindingsAlthough the pillars of diagnosing dysfunctional voiding are a history, physical exam, and uroflowmetry with electromyography or urodynamics, new technology may aid in this evaluation. The use of urinary biomarkers may be a helpful, non-invasive adjunct in diagnosis. In addition, novel devices and smartphone apps may make diagnosis more accessible to patients and providers.SummaryDysfunctional voiding refers to the condition where there is a lack of coordination between the sphincter a...
Source: Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports - January 19, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research