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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine

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Total 61 results found since Jan 2013.

Stroke Findings in the Women's Health Initiative
Semin Reprod Med 2014; 32: 438-446DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1384627The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trials of estrogen with or without progestin versus placebo in 27,341 postmenopausal women are the largest randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials to look at the effect of hormone therapy on the outcomes of stroke, dementia, and cognition. Data from a parallel prospective observational study of 93,676 women examine biomarkers and risk factors associated with stroke. We summarize the results of 29 published articles in the WHI with stroke or cognition as outcomes of interest. Estrogen alone or in co...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - October 16, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Wassertheil-Smoller, SylviaKaplan, Robert C.Salazar, Christian R. Source Type: research

Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy and the Risks of Coronary Heart Disease, Breast Cancer, and Stroke
Semin Reprod Med 2014; 32: 419-425DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1384624The principal findings are briefly reviewed from the Women's Health Initiative trials of the most commonly used postmenopausal hormone regimens in the United States—conjugated equine estrogens and these same estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acetate. A more detailed review is presented for three major clinical outcomes: coronary heart disease (CHD), the primary trial outcome for which a major benefit was hypothesized; invasive breast cancer, the primary safety outcome for which some adverse effect was expected; and stroke which surfaced as an important adverse...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - October 16, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Prentice, Ross L. Source Type: research

Laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis and risk of incident stroke: a prospective cohort study
Prior research has suggested that women with endometriosis are at greater risk of cardiovascular disease later in life, including myocardial infarction and hypertension. However, there has been limited research on endometriosis and risk of stroke, which may have similar underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. Therefore, our objective was to prospectively investigate the association between laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis and risk of incident stroke during 28 years of follow-up.
Source: Fertility and Sterility - September 1, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Leslie V. Farland, William J. Degnan, Melanie Bell, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Stacey A. Missmer Source Type: research

Reproductive complications after stroke: long-lasting impairment of GnRH neuronal network?
Biol Reprod. 2022 Apr 26:ioac080. doi: 10.1093/biolre/ioac080. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSome studies have demonstrated that stroke may increase the risk of pregnancy complications and early menopause. In addition, preclinical investigations revealed the middle cerebral artery occlusion could affect hypothalamus. Since hypothalamus is the core of central circuits regulating reproductive processes, impairment of hypothalamic GnRH neuronal network following stroke might be manifested in long-lasting reproductive disorders.PMID:35470856 | DOI:10.1093/biolre/ioac080
Source: Biology of Reproduction - April 26, 2022 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mohammad Saied Salehi Sareh Pandamooz Amin Tamadon Mohammad Reza Jafarzadeh Shirazi Afshin Borhani-Haghighi Source Type: research

Incidence of hypertension, stroke, coronary heart disease, and diabetes in women who have delivered after in vitro fertilization: a population-based cohort study from Sweden
To compare the incidence of hypertension, stroke, coronary heart disease, and diabetes in women who have delivered after in vitro fertilization (IVF) with those who delivered after natural conception.
Source: Fertility and Sterility - July 23, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Eli Westerlund, Lena Brandt, Outi Hovatta, Håkan Wallén, Anders Ekbom, Peter Henriksson Source Type: research

Abnormal uterine artery remodelling in the stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rat
The stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) is an established model of human cardiovascular risk. We sought to characterise the uteroplacental vascular response to pregnancy in this model and determine whether this is affected by the pre-existing maternal hypertension.
Source: Placenta - November 9, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Heather Y. Small, Hannah Morgan, Elisabeth Beattie, Sinead Griffin, Marie Indahl, Christian Delles, Delyth Graham Source Type: research

Establishment of a model of superimposed pre-eclampsia in the pregnant stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rat by exposure to angiotensin II
This study aimed to establish a novel model of superimposed pre-eclampsia in stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRSP) rats by increasing systemic angiotensin II (AngII) during pregnancy.
Source: Placenta - August 30, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Hannah Morgan, Elaine Butler, Elisabeth Beattie, Martin McBride, Delyth Graham Source Type: research

Vaginal estradiol use and the risk for cardiovascular mortality
STUDY QUESTION Does the use of post-menopausal vaginal estradiol (VE) affect the mortality risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. SUMMARY ANSWER The use of VE reduces the risk for cardiovascular mortality. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY A growing number of women use VE for post-menopausal genitourinary symptoms. Although this therapy is intended to have only local effects, estrogen is absorbed into the blood circulation and thus VE use may also have systemic effects. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We studied a nationwide cohort in Finland 1994–2009 during which post-menopausal women (n = 195 756) initiated the use...
Source: Human Reproduction - March 15, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mikkola, T. S., Tuomikoski, P., Lyytinen, H., Korhonen, P., Hoti, F., Vattulainen, P., Gissler, M., Ylikorkala, O. Tags: Puberty, Aging and HRT Source Type: research

Current recommendations: what is the clinician to do?
Menopausal hormone therapy (HT) has complex biologic effects but continues to have an important clinical role in the management of vasomotor and other menopausal symptoms. The rational use of menopausal HT requires balancing the potential benefits and risks of treatment. Findings from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and other randomized clinical trials have helped to clarify the benefits and risks of HT and have provided insights to improve decision making. Several clinical characteristics have utility in identifying women for whom benefits of HT are likely to outweigh the risks. Age and time since menopause are strong...
Source: Fertility and Sterility - March 31, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: JoAnn E. Manson Tags: Views and reviews Source Type: research

Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women
Semin Reprod Med 2014; 32: 447-453DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1384628Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among women. In fact, the cardiovascular disease mortality rate among women exceeds the rate in men. Unfortunately, many minority women are still unaware of the importance of this disease. All women, including those with no history of cardiovascular disease, should have an accurate estimate of the probability of a cardiovascular disease event (death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) usually within the next decade. Such an estimate will help determine if women are candidates for preventive measures and specific...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - October 16, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Bavry, Anthony A.Limacher, Marian C. Source Type: research

Impact of placental growth factor and preeclampsia on brain development, cognition, and behaviour
Objective: In many preeclamptic (PE) pregnancies, maternal plasma is low in the placentally-produced angiokine “placental growth factor” (PGF). Offspring of PE (PE-F1) compared to uncomplicated pregnancies have higher risks for hypertension, cognitive impairment, and stroke. Mechanisms explaining this are poorly described. Pgf-/- mice have aberrant decidual and placental vascular branching and most experience stroke after unilateral common carotid artery occlusion. We hypothesized that PGF deficiency, which often manifests in PE, diminishes brain vascular development, leading to impaired cognition and elevated postpartum stroke risk.
Source: Placenta - August 26, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Matthew Rätsep, Vanessa Kay, Rayana Luna, Bruno Zavan, Andrew Hickman, Brandon Maser, Graeme Smith, James Reynolds, Angelina Paolozza, Patrick Stroman, John Sled, Jacob Ellegood, Christian Beaulieu, Dongming Zhou, Nils Forkert, Michael Adams, Anne Croy Source Type: research

The role of placental growth factor in regulating fetal brain vascular development
Objectives: Maternal plasma in many pre-eclamptic (PE) pregnancies is low in the placenta product “placental growth factor” (PGF). Offspring of PE compared to uncomplicated pregnancies show higher blood pressure, cognitive impairment and stroke. However, mechanisms explaining these differences are undefined. Our studies of Pgf-/- mice indicate that PGF deficiency reduces decidual vessel branching and connectivity. We aimed to determine if PGF deficiency diminishes brain vascular development, impairs cognition and elevates stroke risk.
Source: Placenta - August 29, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Matthew Rätsep, Bruno Zavan, Nicki Peterson, Leandra Tolusso, Vanessa Kay, Nicole Ventura, Stephen Pang, Albert Jin, Michael Adams, Anne Croy Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research