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The Severity-Calibrated Aphasia Naming Test
CONCLUSION: We provide a linear model to convert SCANT scores to aphasia severity scores, and we identify a change score cutoff of four SCANT items to obtain a high degree of confidence based on test-retest SCANT data and the modeled relation between SCANT and aphasia severity scores.SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21476871.PMID:36332139 | DOI:10.1044/2022_AJSLP-22-00071
Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology - November 4, 2022 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Authors: Grant M Walker Julius Fridriksson Argye E Hillis Dirk B den Ouden Leonardo Bonilha Gregory Hickok Source Type: research

Cortical and Subcortical Control of Swallowing-Can We Use Information From Lesion Locations to Improve Diagnosis and Treatment for Patients With Stroke?
Conclusions Stroke lesion locations have been identified that are commonly associated across patients with the occurrence and recovery of dysphagia, suggesting that clinical brain scans provide useful information for improving the diagnosis and treatment of patients with stroke. However, individual differences in brain structure and function limit the generalizability of these relationships and emphasize that the extent of the motor and sensory pathology in swallowing, and how the patient recovers, also depends on a patient's individual brain constitution. The involvement of the damaged brain tissue in swallowing control b...
Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology - July 9, 2020 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Authors: Wilmskoetter J, Daniels SK, Miller AJ Tags: Am J Speech Lang Pathol Source Type: research

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype-Specific Differences in Cortical Activation in Chronic Aphasia.
Conclusion BDNF genotype mediates cortical brain activation in individuals with chronic aphasia. Correspondingly, individuals carrying the Met allele present with more severe aphasia compared to noncarriers. These findings warrant further study into the effects of BDNF genotype in aphasia. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.10073147 Presentation Video https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.10257581. PMID: 31756156 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR - November 21, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Authors: Kristinsson S, Yourganov G, Xiao F, Bonilha L, Stark BC, Rorden C, Basilakos A, Fridriksson J Tags: J Speech Lang Hear Res Source Type: research

The Relationship Between Lesion Localization and Dysphagia in Acute Stroke
AbstractFactors that can facilitate early identification of individuals at risk of dysphagia such as stroke location are potentially of great benefit. The aim of this study was to examine the role of hemisphere and lesion location in assessing dysphagia pattern and airway invasion as identified through the use of validated, standardized interpretation measures for the videofluoroscopic swallowing study. Consecutive patients (N = 80) presenting with stroke symptoms who had a first-time acute ischemic stroke confirmed on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) scan participated. Three swallowing outcome vari...
Source: Dysphagia - July 26, 2017 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research

Periventricular White Matter Lesions as a Prognostic Factor of Swallowing Function in Older Patients with Mild Stroke
AbstractOlder patients with stroke have poor functional prognosis compared to younger patients. Patients with stroke who have severe white matter (WM) lesions have been reported to have poor functional prognosis such as cognitive dysfunction, increased propensity for falling, and gait and balance problems. The aim of this study was to determine whether WM lesions exert negative effects on swallowing function in older patients with mild stroke. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 63 patients aged  >65  years who had a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≤5 and who underwent videofluoroscopic swallo...
Source: Dysphagia - March 27, 2017 Category: Speech Therapy Source Type: research

Swallowing Tablets and Capsules Increases the Risk of Penetration and Aspiration in Patients with Stroke-Induced Dysphagia
Abstract We evaluated the prevalence of difficulties swallowing solid dosage forms in patients with stroke-induced dysphagia and whether swallowing tablets/capsules increases their risk of penetration and aspiration. Concurrently, we explored whether routinely performed assessment tests help identify patients at risk. Using video endoscopy, we evaluated how 52 patients swallowed four different placebos (round, oval, and oblong tablets and a capsule) with texture-modified water (TMW, pudding consistency) and milk and rated their swallowing performance according to the Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS). Additionall...
Source: Dysphagia - July 24, 2015 Category: Speech Therapy Source Type: research