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Total 172 results found since Jan 2013.

Morphine exposure in preterm infants correlates with impaired cerebellar growth and poorer neurodevelopmental outcome
This study included 136 infants born at 24–32 weeks gestational age who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain near birth and...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - November 22, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: McPherson, C. Tags: Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Pain (palliative care), Radiology, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics) Aetiology/Harm Source Type: research

Case report: acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis following viper bite
We present a rarely seen central nervous system complication, acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, after a treated Deinagkistrodon's viper bite. On April 5, 2015, a 50-year-old male farmer was bitten on his right leg by a Deinagkistrodon's viper. The bite rendered the victim unconscious for 14 days, during which he was treated with tetanus toxoid and polyvalent antisnake venom. Acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was suspected after magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. After a high dose of methylprednisolone was used as diagnostic treatment, the patient started recovering fast. ADEM is a rare complication ...
Source: Medicine - November 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Altered structural and functional connectivity between the bilateral primary motor cortex in unilateral subcortical stroke: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study
This study increased our understanding of the structural and functional alterations between the bilateral M1s that occur in unilateral subcortical stroke and provided further evidence for the compensatory role played by the contralesional hemisphere for these alterations during motor function recovery.
Source: Medicine - August 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Quality Improvement Study Source Type: research

Dizziness
and vertigo are common symptoms. Because there are effective treatments for vestibular disorders, it is always important to make an accurate diagnosis. In acute vertigo, expert clinical assessment is critically important in discerning stroke from non-stroke causes because stroke-protocol brain magnetic resonance imaging results, including diffusion-weighted imaging, can be falsely negative in the first 24 hours. It follows that acute medical services must have access to clinicians expert in assessing acute vertigo.
Source: Medicine - June 24, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Louisa Murdin, Barry M. Seemungal, Adolfo M. Bronstein Tags: Symptoms and signs Source Type: research

Sonolysis in Prevention of Brain Infarction During Cardiac Surgery (SONORESCUE): Randomized, Controlled Trial
This study provides class-II evidence that sonolysis during CABG or valve surgery reduces the risk of larger, new ischemic lesions in the brain. www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01591018).
Source: Medicine - May 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Trial/Experimental Study Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Instability Preceded by Orolingual Angioedema after Alteplase Treatment.
Authors: Kageyama T, Okanoue Y, Takai R, Suenaga T Abstract An 87-year-old man taking antihypertensive medications, including 10 mg enalapril, daily visited our hospital complaining of motor aphasia, dysarthria, and right hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an ischemic lesion in the left frontal lobe including the insular cortex and severe stenosis of the left middle cerebral artery. After he received intravenous alteplase infusion, he developed orolingual angioedema followed by transient bradycardia with subsequent hypotension, resulting in the deterioration of his neurological signs and expansion of ...
Source: Internal Medicine - February 17, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Intern Med Source Type: research

Carotid Body Tumor as a Cause of Stroke.
Authors: Budincevic H, Piršic A, Bohm T, Trajbar T, Ivkošic A, Pavlovic T, Bielen I, Soldo-Butkovic S Abstract We herein report a case of a 78-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital due to a stroke with left-sided hemiparesis. Ultrasound of the carotid arteries showed a carotid body tumor on the bifurcation of the right common carotid artery, which was subsequently confirmed by a further neuroradiological investigation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head confirmed an acute ischemic lesion located in the right periventricular region. The carotid body tumor (CBT) was surgically removed and confirmed on...
Source: Internal Medicine - February 4, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Intern Med Source Type: research

Changes of Brain Connectivity in the Primary Motor Cortex After Subcortical Stroke: A Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Abstract: The authors investigated the changes in connectivity networks of the bilateral primary motor cortex (M1) of subcortical stroke patients using a multimodal neuroimaging approach with antiplatelet therapy. Nineteen patients were scanned at 2 time points: before and 1 month after the treatment. The authors assessed the resting-state functional connectivity (FC) and probabilistic fiber tracking of left and right M1 of every patient, and then compared these results to the 15 healthy controls. The authors also evaluated the correlations between the neuroimaging results and clinical scores. Compared with the controls, ...
Source: Medicine - February 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Diagnostic Accuracy Study Source Type: research

Predicting Mortality in Patients With “Malignant” Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction Using Susceptibility-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Preliminary Findings
Abstract: To evaluate malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction (defined as space-occupying edema in more than 50% to 75% of the MCA territory) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) sequence and assess the usefulness of SWI findings, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as predictors of clinical outcome. Data from 16 patients with large MCA infarction previously admitted to our institution between December 2009 and October 2012 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Within 7 days after stroke onset, 1 neurologist and 1 ne...
Source: Medicine - February 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Quality Improvement Study Source Type: research

New Cerebral Microbleeds After Mechanical Thrombectomy for Large-Vessel Occlusion Strokes
We examined independent factors associated with new CMBs after mechanical thrombectomy. We analyzed the association of the presence, burden, and distribution of new CMBs with clinical outcome. A total of 187 consecutive patients with serial GRE were enrolled in this study. CMBs were evident in 36 (19.3%) patients before mechanical thrombectomy. New CMBs occurred in 41 (21.9%) patients after mechanical thrombectomy. Of the 68 new CMBs, 45 appeared in the lobar location, 18 in the deep location and 5 in the infratentorial location. The presence of baseline CMBs was associated with new CMBs after mechanical thrombectomy (OR 5...
Source: Medicine - November 1, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Assessment of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Calculation on Long-axis Views From Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
The objective of this study was to assess another method consisting of the evaluation of 2 long-axis slices (CMRLAX) for LVEF determination in acute myocardial infarction. One hundred patients underwent CMR 2 to 4 days after acute myocardial infarction. LVEF was computed by the area-length method on horizontal and vertical CMRLAX images. Those results were compared to reference values obtained on contiguous CMRSAX images in one hand, and to values obtained from transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the other hand. For CMRSAX and TTE, LVEF was computed with Simpson method. Reproducibility of LVEF measurements was addition...
Source: Medicine - October 1, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Cardiac Myxoma With Unusual Obstructive and Embolic Presentations: Concurrent Stroke and Angiography-Negative Myocardial Infarction—A Case Report
We present a case of cardiac myxoma with atypical presentations of concurrent stroke and angiography-negative myocardial infarction. The case emphasizes the importance of basic echocardiography and timely surgery in the management of cardiac myxoma. An elderly woman presented to the emergency department in an unconscious state. Electrocardiogram and elevated cardiac enzymes suggested acute myocardial infarction; however, immediate coronary angiography proved patency. Basic echocardiography revealed an oscillating left atrial myxoma obstructing inflow through the mitral valve. After regaining consciousness while in the inte...
Source: Medicine - September 1, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Syncope causes transient focal neurological symptoms
Conclusion: One in 20 patients with syncope/pre-syncope have co-extant FN, which during 24-month follow-up, does not progress to a persistent deficit (>24 h). Awareness of co-occurrence of FN and syncope is important as stroke misdiagnosis results in aggressive anti-hypertensive management and future events may ensue.
Source: QJM - August 27, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ryan, D. J., Harbison, J. A., Meaney, J. F., Rice, C. P., King-Kallimanis, B., Kenny, R. A. Tags: Original papers Source Type: research

Cornel iridoid glycoside reduces infarct size measured by magnetic resonance imaging and improves neurological function after focal cerebral ischemia in rats
Conclusion CIG treatment, starting from 6 h after MCAO, reduced infarct size in the brain as measured by MRI and improved neurological function 2–28 days after focal cerebral ischemia in rats, suggesting that CIG could be a clinical application in improving stroke treatment.
Source: Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine - August 11, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research