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d-dimer and diffusion-weighted imaging pattern as two diagnostic indicators for cancer-related stroke: A case–control study based on the STROBE guidelines
The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors and elucidate the clinical characteristics of cancer-associated ischemic stroke to differentiate it from conventional ischemic stroke in China and East Asia. Between June 2012 and June 2016, a retrospective analysis was performed on 609 stroke patients with cancer. They were divided into 3 groups: cancer-stroke group (CSG, 203 cases), stroke group (SG, 203 cases), and cancer group (CG, 203 cases). The d-dimer levels and diffusion-weighted imaging lesion (DWI) pattern were compared to an age- and sex-matched control group. The most common cancer types were colorectal ca...
Source: Medicine - January 1, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Variation of all-cause and cause-specific mortality with body mass index in one million Swedish parent-son pairs: An instrumental variable analysis
ConclusionsConsistent with previous large-scale meta-analyses and reviews, results supported the causal role of higher BMI in increasing the risk of several common causes of death, including cancers with increasing global incidence. We also found positive effects of BMI on mortality from respiratory disease, prostate cancer, and lung cancer, which has been inconsistently reported in the literature, suggesting that the causal role of higher BMI in mortality from these diseases may be underestimated. Furthermore, we expect different patterns of bias in the current observational and IV analyses; therefore, the similarities be...
Source: PLoS Medicine - August 8, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kaitlin H. Wade Source Type: research

The current and potential health benefits of the National Health Service Health Check cardiovascular disease prevention programme in England: A microsimulation study
ConclusionsOur model indicates that the current NHS Health Check programme is contributing to improvements in health and reducing health inequalities. Feasible changes in the organisation of the programme could result in more than a 3-fold increase in health benefits.
Source: PLoS Medicine - March 6, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Oliver T. Mytton Source Type: research

Recurrent stroke in a patient of lung cancer without pulmonary mass: A case report
AbstractRationale:Repeated occurring stroke in short intervals with hypercoagulability is unusual so in such cases the conventional vascular risk factors might not be the causes of stroke.Patient concerns:We have presented a case of 60-year-old male presenting with recurrent stroke due to thrombophilia.Diagnoses:Lung cancer was detected by superficial lymph nodes ultrasound and further pathological examination.Interventions:The patient suffered a recurrent stroke and he had persistently high level of D-dimer which suggested the diagnosis of thrombophilia, thus, he was treated with low-molecular-weight heparin. Unfortunatel...
Source: Medicine - February 1, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Anesthetic management of off-pump simultaneous coronary artery bypass grafting and lobectomy: Case report and literature review
Rationale: Survey data show approximately 10% patients with lung cancer may present concomitant coronary heart disease. Simultaneous surgery is a challenge for anesthetist. We review our experience in the anesthesia with 5 patients who required simultaneous off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) and pulmonary resection for lung cancer. Patient concerns: Between 2014 and 2016, 5 patients with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) grade II or III, underwent combined OPCABG and lung resection in the first Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Diagnoses: All five patients were di...
Source: Medicine - December 1, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Disparities in US Healthcare Provider Screening and Advice for Cessation Across Chronic Medical Conditions and Tobacco Products
ConclusionsResults support the need for provider training to expand screening and cessation interventions to include the growing spectrum of tobacco products. Screening and referral to interventions are especially needed for those with mental health and substance use disorders to reduce the disparate burden of tobacco-related disease and death.
Source: Journal of General Internal Medicine - May 3, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Lung cancer CT screening is cost-effective but implementation matters
Commentary on: Black WC, Gareen IF, Soneji SS, et al.; National Lung Screening Trial Research Team. Cost-effectiveness of CT screening in the National Lung Screening Trial. N Engl J Med 2014;37:1793–802. Context The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) revealed a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality from three annual low-dose CT screening scans compared with chest radiographs in high-risk individuals.1 Since up to 10 million individuals in the USA may qualify for annual CT screening, policymakers have legitimately questioned whether the benefits of lung cancer screening justify the potential high costs of large-sca...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - March 17, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Goulart, B. Tags: Smoking and tobacco, Health policy, Epidemiologic studies, Stroke, Screening (oncology), Radiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics), Screening (epidemiology), Health economics, Health service research, Health education, Screening (publi Source Type: research

Correlation between use of simvastatin and lovastatin and female lung cancer risk: a nationwide case–control study
ConclusionsSimvastatin use at a DDD of more than 150 is correlated with an approximately 20% reduction in the risk of lung cancer in women.
Source: International Journal of Clinical Practice - November 25, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: T.‐Y. Yang, W.‐M. Lin, C.‐L. Lin, F.‐C. Sung, C.‐H. Kao Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT (LDCT) is ready for prime time in the USA
Commentary on: Humphrey LL, Deffebach M, Pappas M, et al.. Screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography: a systematic review to update the US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation. Ann Intern Med 2013;159:411–20. Context The US Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF) has published their long-awaited, updated systematic review of low-dose CT (LDCT) screening for lung cancer. Last reviewed in 2004, lung cancer screening has been under intense study worldwide for the past decade. The issue of lung cancer screening is important because lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the U...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - July 18, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Wilson, D. O. Tags: Smoking and tobacco, Health policy, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Immunology (including allergy), Stroke, Screening (oncology), Radiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics), Screening (epidemiology), Health econom Source Type: research

Sudden cardiac death: a critical appraisal of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Summary ImportanceApproximately 350,000 Americans still die of sudden cardiac death each year. This exceeds the number of patients who die annually from stroke, lung cancer, breast cancer and AIDS combined. ObjectiveThis review aims to trace the history of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) with reference to landmark trials and their influence on the formulation of Medicare guidelines for ICD implantation criteria. This paper will also discuss the cost‐effectiveness of ICDs and the quality of life after implantation. The reasons for the disparity between guidelines for implantation and actual clinical practice...
Source: International Journal of Clinical Practice - December 22, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: A. Rajabali, E. K. Heist Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT: benefits and potential risks
Commentary on: Bach PB, Mirkin JN, Oliver TK, et al.. Benefits and harms of CT screening for lung cancer: a systematic review. JAMA 2012;307:2418–29. Context Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide.1 The majority of patients present with advanced disease and the current 5-year survival is only 15%.2 Previous research showed no mortality benefit to screening with chest radiography and sputum cytology. The recent results of the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) are the first to show a significant reduction in lung cancer mortality with the use of low-dose CT (LDCT) in high risk individuals. The po...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 15, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Tanner, N. T., Silvestri, G. A. Tags: Smoking and tobacco, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Stroke, Screening (oncology), Radiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics), Screening (epidemiology), Guidelines, Health education, Screening (public health), Smo Source Type: research