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Is This Primary Exertional Headache?
Discussion Commonly occurring primary headaches include tension, cluster and migraine headaches. “Other primary headaches” are often situational. Patients can have more than 1 type of these “other” headaches along with more common headaches. Other primary headaches as a group tend to be self-limited with long remission periods. Some other primary headaches include: Thunderclap headache Explosive sudden onset with maximum intensity in less 1 minute and resolution within 5 minutes usually 43/100,000 persons in adults Primary or secondary Secondary causes include intracranial hemorrhage, stroke, thro...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - November 21, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

What Causes Sudden Vision Loss?
Discussion Vision loss, whether chronic or acute, is distressing at any time for patients and families. Prompt evaluation and treatment are important as maintenance of any acuity and light or movement is considered paramount. Most vision loss is due to chronic problems and aging issues but the differential diagnosis is broad. For any age, but especially children, uncorrected refractive errors can cause problems in not only in childhood but throughout someone’s lifetime. Visual impairment for distance vision is considered mild if worse than 6/12 in meters = 20/40 in feet or 0.3 LogMAR and for moderate impairment is 6/...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - September 5, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

What Are Some Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy?
Discussion The term, cerebral palsy, or CP has gone through many iterations with the first description in 1861 by W.J. Little who described it as “The condition of spastic rigidity of the limbs of newborn children.” The most recent definition is from Rosenbaun et al. in 2007 which states it is “a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. The motor disorders of cerebral palsy are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cog...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - March 9, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

What Causes Facial Nerve Palsy?
Discussion Facial nerve palsy has been known for centuries, but in 1821 unilateral facial nerve paralysis was described by Sir Charles Bell. Bell’s palsy (BP) is a unilateral, acute facial paralysis that is clinically diagnosed after other etiologies have been excluded by appropriate history, physical examination and/or laboratory testing or imaging. Symptoms include abnormal movement of facial nerve. It can be associated with changes in facial sensation, hearing, taste or excessive tearing. The right and left sides are equally affected but bilateral BP is rare (0.3%). Paralysis can be complete or incomplete at prese...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - June 3, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

New treatment for SMA offers hope for Arianna
For the first few months of Arianna Condon’s life, everything was moving along fine. She was a happy baby, and seemed to be developing much like her older sister, Tessa. “She was gaining weight, and seemed to be doing great,” says Arianna’s mom, Marina. “She did have problems with reflux, but it was nothing too unusual for a baby.” But by the time Arianna was 3 months old, Marina started to have concerns. Arianna wasn’t lifting her head the way Tessa had at that age. Something didn’t seem right. “I brought it up to her pediatrician, but she told me that all babies develop differently and there wasn’t a ...
Source: Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston - January 16, 2018 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Ellen Greenlaw Tags: Diseases & Conditions Our Patients’ Stories Dr. Basil Darras spinal muscular atrophy spinal muscular atrophy program Spinraza Source Type: news

Question 2: Should children who have a febrile seizure be screened for iron deficiency?
Clinical scenario You are a senior house officer working in a busy district general hospital in the UK. A 2-year-old child presents following a generalised tonic-clonic seizure that lasted around 1 min. He had recently been unwell with a cough and runny nose and was febrile at the time of the seizure. He now appears well and is running around the ward. You diagnose a simple febrile seizure secondary to a viral upper respiratory tract infection and, as it his first episode, admit him for observation. The local hospital protocol on the management of febrile seizures states no investigations are required. However, your r...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - September 11, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: King, D., King, A. Tags: ADC Archimedes, Epidemiologic studies, TB and other respiratory infections, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Epilepsy and seizures, Infection (neurology), Stroke, Malnutrition, Child and adolescent psychiatry (paedatrics), Child health Source Type: research