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A Cadaver Feasibility Study of Extradural Contralateral C7 Ventral Root Transfer Technique for Treating Upper Extremity Paralysis
Study Design. A total of 6 formalin-fixed cadavers were included in the cadaver feasibility study. Objective. The aim was to ascertain the anatomical feasibility of extradural contralateral C7 ventral root transfer technique by cervical posterior. Summary of Background Data. Upper limb spastic hemiplegia is a common sequela after stroke. In our previous study, the authors established a method by transferring contralateral C7 dorsal and ventral roots to the corresponding C7 dorsal and ventral roots on the affected side in the cervical posterior. Methods. In the present study, six formalin-fixed cada...
Source: Spine - August 18, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Anatomy Source Type: research

Sickle cell bone disease and response to intravenous bisphosphonates in children
ConclusionChildren with SCD have the potential for extensive and early-onset bone morbidity. In this series, IV bisphosphonates were effective for bone pain analgesia and did not trigger sickle cell complications.
Source: Osteoporosis International - July 29, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Factors associated with blunt internal carotid artery injury in petrous temporal bone fractures
The incidence of blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI), including internal carotid artery (ICA) injury, is approximately 1% of all blunt trauma patients (1-4). Although rare, these injuries can have devastating complications, including stroke, haemorrhage and death, the chance of which may be reduced with early intervention. In light of this, there have been a number of efforts to improve the screening criteria for detection of these injuries in asymptomatic patients (2, 5). It is currently recommended that patients with a petrous temporal bone (PTB) fracture should be considered for BCVI screening with a computed-tomography...
Source: Injury - March 19, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Christine Li, Lorne Green, Jennifer Wang, Dylan Tully, Jonathan Woliansky, Kellie Gumm, Claire Iseli, Katherine Martin, David Read Source Type: research

Gait speed and spasticity are independently associated with estimated failure load in the distal tibia after stroke: an HR-pQCT study
ConclusionThe paretic distal tibia showed more compromised vBMD, cortical area, cortical thickness, and estimated failure load than the non-paretic tibia. Gait speed and spasticity were independently associated with estimated failure load. As treatment programs focusing on these potentially modifiable stroke-related impairments are feasible to administer, future studies are needed to determine the efficacy of such intervention strategies for improving bone strength in individuals with chronic stroke.
Source: Osteoporosis International - October 12, 2021 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Relationship between bone strength index of the hemiparetic tibial diaphysis and muscle strength in people with chronic stroke: influence of muscle contraction type and speed
ConclusionsConcentric muscle power was more predictive of %SSD in p-SSI at the tibial diaphysis than other contraction types and may be an important target for intervention to promote bone health in people with chronic stroke.
Source: Osteoporosis International - November 7, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

New ischemic lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging in patients with blunt traumatic cerebrovascular injury
BACKGROUND Patients with blunt cerebrovascular injuries are at risk of thromboembolic stroke. Although primary prevention with antithrombotic therapy is widely used in this setting, its effectiveness is not well defined and requires further investigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–detected ischemic brain lesions as a possible future outcome for randomized clinical trials in this patient population. METHODS This prospective observational study included 20 adult blunt trauma patients admitted to a level I trauma center with a screening neck CTA showing extrac...
Source: The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care - May 29, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research

Retroperitoneal haematoma in a postoperative ALIF patient taking rivaroxaban for atrial fibrillation
ConclusionThis is the first case of a rivaroxaban-induced retroperitoneal haematoma reported in the literature, secondary to elective spinal surgery. This report adds to the body of evidence on the risk of postoperative bleeding in patients taking NOACs. If patients on NOACs present with abdominal symptoms following anterior approach to the lumbar spine, treating clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for retroperitoneal haematoma.
Source: European Spine Journal - November 1, 2016 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Abdominal aortic calcification: a reappraisal of epidemiological and pathophysiological data
In men and women, there is a significant association between the risk of cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, stroke) and risk of major fragility fracture (hip, vertebra). Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) can be assessed using semiquantitative scores on spine radiographs and spine scans obtained by DXA. Severe AAC is associated with higher risk of major cardiovascular event. Not only does severe AAC reflect poor cardiovascular health status, but also directly disturbs blood flow in the vascular system.
Source: Bone - December 10, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Pawel Szulc Tags: Review Source Type: research

Low bone mineral density is associated with intracranial posterior circulation atherosclerosis in women
Low bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with carotid atherosclerosis and the incidence of stroke. However, there are no data on the association of BMD with intracranial atherosclerosis. The study population consisted of 357 participants who underwent dual energy x-ray absorptiometric scanning of the lumbar spine and brain 3D time of flight magnetic resonance angiography as part of their voluntary health checks. The basilar, middle cerebral, intracranial internal carotid and intracranial vertebral arteries were evaluated.
Source: Bone - September 29, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: K. Kang Tags: Original Full Length Article Source Type: research

Chronic effects of stroke on hip bone density and tibial morphology: a longitudinal study
Conclusions There is evidence of continuous trabecular bone loss in the paretic tibial distal epiphysis among chronic stroke patients, but it tends to plateau after 2 years of stroke onset. The steady state may have been reached earlier in the hip and tibial diaphysis.
Source: Osteoporosis International - September 2, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Conversion paralysis after cervical spine arthroplasty: A case report and literature review
We report a case of conversion paralysis after cervical spine arthroplasty performed in a 45-year-old woman to treat cervico-brachial neuralgia due to a left-sided C6–C7 disc herniation. Upon awakening from the anaesthesia, she had left hemiplegia sparing the face, with normal sensory function. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain ruled out a stroke. MRI of the spinal cord showed artefacts from the cobalt-chrome prosthesis that precluded confident elimination of mechanical spinal cord compression. Surgery performed on the same day to substitute a cage for the prosthesis ruled out spinal cord compression, while e...
Source: Orthopaedics and Traumatology: Surgery and Research - July 18, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Tennis Service Stroke Benefits Humerus Bone: Is Torsion the Cause?
Abstract Regular tennis play is associated with impressive asymmetries in bone strength in favor of the racquet arm, particularly in the humerus. However, the relative effects of service and ground strokes are not known. Serendipitously, we encountered a 46-year-old regular tennis player who has played service and ground strokes with different arms for over 30 years, and thus allowed differentiation of stroke effects. Grip strength and peripheral quantitative computed tomography scans of both arms of radius at 4 % distal–proximal ulna length, radius and ulna at 60 % distal–proximal ulna length, and at dista...
Source: Calcified Tissue International - April 17, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Predictors of low bone mineral density of the stroke-affected hip among ambulatory individuals with chronic stroke
Conclusion Low BMD of the stroke-affected side hip is prevalent in over a third of individuals with lower limb motor impairments. These individuals may be at particular risk of accelerated loss of BMD at the hip from asymmetrical gait pattern and poor affected-side ankle dorsiflexor strength. These impairments are intervention targets that may be addressed during rehabilitation which includes resistance training and addresses gait impairments.
Source: Osteoporosis International - October 22, 2014 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

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