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Specialty: Addiction

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Total 220 results found since Jan 2013.

"Pictures Don't Lie, Seeing Is Believing": Exploring Attitudes to the Introduction of Pictorial Warnings on Cigarette Packs in Ghana
Conclusions: Warning labels combining pictures and text have the potential to reduce smoking uptake, increase quit attempts, and reduce smoking appeal among smokers and nonsmokers in Ghana. Measures to prevent single stick sales, or to promote health messages to purchasers of single sticks, are required.
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - November 24, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Singh, A., Owusu-Dabo, E., Britton, J., Munafo, M. R., Jones, L. L. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Cocaine and acute vascular diseases.
Authors: De Giorgi A, Fabbian F, Pala M, Bonetti F, Babini I, Bagnaresi I, Manfredini F, Portaluppi F, Mikhailidis DP, Manfredini R Abstract Cocaine is one of the most widely used drugs of abuse. Chest pain is the most common side effect requiring emergency visits after cocaine use. Vasoconstriction and platelet activation are the main effects of cocaine in the vasculature. In this brief review, we consider the most important clinical effects of cocaine abuse on the heart, brain and kidney. Symptoms related to cocaine toxicity such as myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, aortic dissection, ...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - November 14, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research

Recreational drug misuse and stroke.
Authors: Yeung M, Bhalla A, Birns J Abstract Stroke is the third commonest cause of death and single largest cause of adult disability worldwide. Whilst the majority of strokes in older individuals are due to large or small vessel arterial disease or cardiac disease in association with classical vascular risk factors, strokes occurring in younger individuals may have atypical etiologies. Recreational substance misuse is on the increase worldwide, particularly in young adults in developed countries with commonly used substances including cocaine, amphetamines, heroin and other opiates, marijuana and gammahydroxybuty...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - November 14, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research

Fraction of stroke mortality attributable to alcohol consumption in Russia.
Abstract Stroke is an international health problem with high associated human and economic costs. The mortality rate from stroke in Russia is one of the highest in the world. Risk factors identification is therefore a high priority from the public health perspective. Epidemiological evidence suggests that binge drinking is an important determinant of high stroke mortality rate in Russia. The aim of the present study was to estimate the premature stroke mortality attributable to alcohol abuse in Russia on the basis of aggregate-level data of stroke mortality and alcohol consumption. Age-standardized sex-specific ma...
Source: Adicciones - September 19, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Y E R Tags: Adicciones Source Type: research

Acute Alcohol Modulates Cardiac Function as PI3K/Akt Regulates Oxidative Stress
ConclusionsAcute LA and HA seem to oppositely affect cardiac function through modulation of oxidative stress where PI3K/Akt plays a pivotal role.
Source: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research - June 24, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Nsini A. Umoh, Robin K. Walker, Mustafa Al‐Rubaiee, Miara A. Jeffress, Georges E. Haddad Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Acute Alcohol Modulates Cardiac Function as PI3K/Akt Regulates Oxidative Stress.
CONCLUSIONS: Acute LA and HA seem to oppositely affect cardiac function through modulation of oxidative stress where PI3K/Akt plays a pivotal role. PMID: 24962888 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research - June 24, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Umoh NA, Walker RK, Al-Rubaiee M, Jeffress MA, Haddad GE Tags: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Citicoline in addictive disorders: a review of the literature.
Conclusions: Currently, there is limited research on the efficacy of citicoline for addictive disorders, but the available literature suggests promising results. Future research should employ larger sample sizes, increased dosing, and more complex study designs. PMID: 24950234 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse - June 20, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Wignall ND, Brown ES Tags: Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse Source Type: research

Has industry funding biased studies of the protective effects of alcohol on cardiovascular disease? A preliminary investigation of prospective cohort studies
ConclusionsDedicated high‐quality studies of possible alcohol industry funding effects should be undertaken, and these should be broad in scope. They also need to investigate specific areas of concern, such as stroke, in greater depth. [McCambridge J, Hartwell G. Has industry funding biased studies of the protective effects of alcohol on cardiovascular disease? A preliminary investigation of prospective cohort studies. Drug Alcohol Rev 2014]
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 7, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Jim McCambridge, Greg Hartwell Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

The cerebellum and addiction: insights gained from neuroimaging research
Abstract Although cerebellar alterations have been consistently noted in the addiction literature, the pathophysiology of this link remains unclear. The cerebellum is commonly classified as a motor structure, but human functional neuroimaging along with clinical observations in cerebellar stroke patients and anatomical tract tracing in non‐human primates suggests its involvement in cognitive and affective processing. A comprehensive literature search on the role of the cerebellum in addiction was performed. This review article (1) considers the potential role of the cerebellum in addiction; (2) summarizes the cerebellar ...
Source: Addiction Biology - September 1, 2013 Category: Addiction Authors: Eric A. Moulton, Igor Elman, Lino R. Becerra, Rita Z. Goldstein, David Borsook Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Methamphetamine dependent individuals show attenuated brain response to pleasant interoceptive stimuli
Conclusions: MD expend fewer brain processing resources during soft touch, a form of positively-valenced interoceptive stimuli, in brain areas that are important for both interoception and reward. Future studies will ascertain if sustained abstinence from methamphetamine use can normalize aberrant neural interoceptive processing.
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - July 16, 2013 Category: Addiction Authors: April C. May, Jennifer L. Stewart, Robyn Migliorini, Susan F. Tapert, Martin P. Paulus Tags: Full Length Reports Source Type: research