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Empty Delta Sign on Unenhanced Postmortem Computed Tomography Scan in Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
We present a case report of a 69-year-old man who on unenhanced PMCT scan showed an empty delta sign in the cerebral veins. The empty delta sign was able to be demonstrated in unenhanced PMCT which can be explained by hyper attenuation of the dural veins at postmortem forming an internal contrast highlighting the thrombus.
Source: The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology - November 10, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Lethal manifestations of angioedema
AbstractAn 86-year-old woman with a history of angioedema was found dead at her home address. She had recently complained of a swollen tongue. At autopsy the tongue was grossly edematous, protruding from the mouth. There was also marked edema of the tonsillar fossae, epiglottis and glottic inlet, causing critical obstruction. Histology of the tongue and upper airway demonstrated marked submucosal edema. Death was attributed to upper airway obstruction due to angioedema of the tongue, oropharynx and glottic inlet. Angioedema is characterized by localized non-pitting edema of the deep dermis and subcutaneous/submucosal tissu...
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - November 3, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Association between sudden unexpected deaths in bathtubs and ambient temperature among elderly Japanese adults: a time-series regression study
Japanese elderly adults have extremely high mortality associated with bathtub-related drowning [1]. Based on postmortem examination, it was revealed that approximately 55% of individuals who experienced sudden bath-related deaths between 2009 and 2011 in Tokyo had circulatory diseases, and more than 90% of these deaths in both sexes were in elderly adults older than 60 years [2]. Although previous studies have addressed cardiac arrest [3] or other symptoms (falling, loss of consciousness, stroke, and others) and accidents [4,5], including deaths not involving a bathtub or showering, many Japanese studies have focused on su...
Source: Legal Medicine - October 3, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Yoshimasa Kanawaku, Takanobu Tanifuji, Youkichi Ohno Source Type: research

Unexpected Human Fatality Associated with Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Heat Treatment.
Abstract Thermal insect treatments can be an effective method of controlling cryptic insect pests, particularly bed bugs, in residential settings. The treatments require high heat over a sustained timeframe. Residents are not present during treatment but return after completion. An unexpected death was investigated following heat treatment for bed bugs in the home of an elderly female, found with a postmortem axillary temperature of 106.2°F (41.2°C) approximately 8 h after returning home. The cause of death was classified as hyperthermia with a contributory cause of hypertensive cardiovascular disease. The manne...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - August 6, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Sanford MR, Torres M, Ross J Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research

Effects of Human Electro-Muscular Incapacitation (HEMI) Devices on Cardiovascular Changes in Anesthetized Swine as Measured by Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE).
Abstract The abundance of, and reliance upon, human electro-muscular incapacitation (HEMI) devices, especially in law enforcement, has generated scrutiny and examination of these technologies. The purpose of this study was to examine cardiovascular effects resulting from typical (5 sec) and longer activation (20 sec) HEMI applications studying myocardial function and peripheral vascular system using a combination of invasive cardiovascular catheters and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Six healthy swine (Sus scrofa) 3-5 months in age and weighing between 60 and 86 kg were anesthetized and exposed to the TAS...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - May 14, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Werner JR, Murray WB, Kennett MJ, Jenkins DM, Liszka E, Hughes EL Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research

Dolichoectasia of Vertebrobasilar Arteries as a Cause of Hydrocephalus and Ischemic Cerebral Stroke
Conclusions We presented a case of dolichoectasia of vertebrobasilar artery with an obstructive hydrocephalus, due to direct compression on pons and midbrain, which is an extremely rare entity. This case had been analyzed during the patient's life through clinical, laboratory, and radiology examinations and after he died through autopsy.
Source: The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology - December 1, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Circulatory microrna in acute myocardial infarction: a candidate biomarker for forensic investigation
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulated a gene expression which associated to many diseases. As they contribute to diverse biological process and respond to various kinds of cellular stress, their utility as diagnostic biomarkers have recently been explored. miRNAs have been detected in various type of human tissues and were used as novel biomarkers in clinical investigation for example; ischemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and several forms of cancer cells. Recently, circulatory miRNA was proved that It could be a potential biomarker to determine a cause of death.
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 20, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: P. Menathung, P. Saengkaeotrakul, K. Rasmeepaisarn, K. Vongpaisarnsin Source Type: research

Circulatory microrna in acute myocardial infarction: A candidate biomarker for forensic investigation
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulated a gene expression which associated to many diseases. As they contribute to diverse biological process and respond to various kinds of cellular stress, their utility as diagnostic biomarkers have recently been explored. miRNAs have been detected in various type of human tissues and were used as novel biomarkers in clinical investigation for example; ischemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and several forms of cancer cells. Recently, circulatory miRNA was proved that It could be a potential biomarker to determine a cause of death.
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 20, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: P. Menathung, P. Saengkaeotrakul, K. Rasmeepaisarn, K. Vongpaisarnsin Source Type: research

Clinical Characteristics of Fatal Methamphetamine-related Stroke: A National Study.
Abstract The study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of fatal methamphetamine-related stroke in Australia, 2009-2015. There were 38 cases, 60.5% male, with a mean age of 40.3 years. In no case was there evidence that this was the first time methamphetamine had been used by the decedent, and 52.6% had known histories of injecting drug use. The stroke was hemorrhagic in 37 of 38 cases. In 21.1% of cases, the stroke was purely parenchymal and, in 18.4%, involved purely the subarachnoid space. A ruptured berry aneurysm was present in 31.6% and in 68.8% of initial subarachnoid hemorrhages. There was evide...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - August 17, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Darke S, Lappin J, Kaye S, Duflou J Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research

Dancing to death: A case of heat stroke
Publication date: Available online 4 May 2017 Source:Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine Author(s): K. Nadesan, Chandra Kumari, Mohd Afiq Heat stroke is a medical emergency which may lead to mortality unless diagnosed early and treated effectively. Heat stroke may manifest rapidly, hence making it difficult to differentiate it from other clinical causes in a collapsed victim. 1 We are presenting a case report of twelve patients who were admitted to our emergency department from a music festival held on 13–15th of March 2014. They developed complications arising from a combination of severe adverse weather condition, ...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - May 5, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Fatal Folic Acid Toxicity in Humans.
Abstract Folic acid is B-9 vitamin. Folic acid is prescribed commonly for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus, patients under chemotherapy, pernicious anemia and to reduce the risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease. Acute or chronic ingestion of a large dose of folic acid generally manifests as neurological complications, which are reversible. In this present case, a 23-year-old pregnant woman committed suicide by consuming folic acid tablets and succumbed to death within 36 h. Postmortem toxicological analysis detected folic acid in viscera. Death following acute consumption of folic aci...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 5, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Devnath GP, Kumaran S, Rajiv R, Shaha KK, Nagaraj A Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research

Micro-computed tomography of false starts produced on bone by different hand-saws
The tools used in post-mortem dismemberment produce characteristic witness marks on the body of the victim, commonly defined tool marks. The macroscopic and microscopic analysis of tool marks on bones plays a crucial role in forensic anthropology and pathology, providing useful information about the instrument used to cause them [1]. When saws are used to cut bones, they often leave specific saw marks, known as “false starts”, which occur when the blade of the saw, during a stroke, hits the surface of the bone briefly and then restarts from another point, close to the initial point of cut.
Source: Legal Medicine - January 24, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Guido Pelletti, Guido Viel, Paolo Fais, Alessia Viero, Sindi Visentin, Diego Miotto, Massimo Montisci, Giovanni Cecchetto, Chiara Giraudo Source Type: research

Hyperdensity of the Basilar Artery on Postmortem CT: A Potential Indicator for Basilar Artery Thrombosis
We present a case report of a 55-year-old man who on postmortem CT scan showed a hyperdense basilar artery and was subsequently confirmed to be a fatal basilar artery thrombosis. We suggest that a hyperdense basilar artery on postmortem CT should prompt the pathologist to consider basilar artery thrombosis.
Source: The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology - May 10, 2016 Category: Forensic Medicine Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

A rare autopsy case of traumatic rhabdomyolysis associated with intermittent assault
Rhabdomyolysis, or the dissolution of skeletal muscle, is characterized by the leakage of intramyocellular substances such as myoglobin, electrolytes, and other sarcoplasmic proteins into the circulation [1–3]. The development of rhabdomyolysis has many causes, including trauma, excessive muscular activity (e.g., exercises and seizures), prolonged immobilization, muscle ischemia, infection, excess body heat (e.g., heat stroke and malignant syndrome), metabolic and electrolyte disorders, drugs and toxins, and genetic defects [4–9].
Source: Legal Medicine - April 11, 2016 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Fumiko Chiba, Yohsuke Makino, Ayumi Motomura, Go Inokuchi, Namiko Ishii, Suguru Torimitsu, Yumi Hoshioka, Hiroko Abe, Rutsuko Yamaguchi, Mari Hashimoto, Ayaka Sakuma, Sayaka Nagasawa, Hisako Saito, Daisuke Yajima, Hirotaro Iwase Source Type: research

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