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Specialty: Biology
Condition: Alzheimer's
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Total 24 results found since Jan 2013.
Hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases as targets for neuroprotection by "antioxidant" metal chelators: From ferroptosis to stroke.
Abstract
Neurologic conditions including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease are leading causes of death and long-term disability in the United States, and efforts to develop novel therapeutics for these conditions have historically had poor success in translating from bench to bedside. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) mediates a broad, evolutionarily conserved, endogenous adaptive program to hypoxia, and manipulation of components of the HIF pathway are neuroprotective in a number of human neurological diseases and experimental models. In this review, we discuss mole...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - January 31, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Speer RE, Karuppagounder SS, Basso M, Sleiman S, Kumar A, Brand D, Smirnova N, Gazaryan I, Khim SJ, Ratan RR Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
The Notch pathway in CNS homeostasis and neurodegeneration
This article is categorized under:
Nervous System Development> Flies
Signaling Pathways> Cell Fate Signaling
Nervous System Development> Vertebrates: General Principles
Source: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology - September 9, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Diana M. Ho,
Spyros Artavanis ‐Tsakonas,
Angeliki Louvi Tags: FOCUS ARTICLE Source Type: research
IUPUI researchers use computers to 'see' neurons to better understand brain function
(Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis School of Science) A study from the Department of Computer and Information Science at the School of Science at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis reveals new information about the motor circuits of the brain that may one day help those developing therapies to treat conditions such as stroke, schizophrenia, spinal cord injury or Alzheimer's disease.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - March 6, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Study finds long-term survival of human neural stem cells transplanted into primate brain
(Cell Transplantation Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair) Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) labeled with magnetic nanoparticles were followed by MRI after transplantation into the brains of primates. The study evaluated the long-term survival and differentiation of hNSCs. The hNSCs differentiated into neurons at 24 months and did not cause tumors. Researchers concluded that hNSCs could be of great value as a source for cell replacement and gene transfer for treating Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, ALS, spinal cord injury and stroke.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - April 23, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Longevity gene may boost brain power
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Scientists showed that people who have a variant of a longevity gene, called KLOTHO, have improved brain skills such as thinking, learning and memory regardless of their age, sex, or whether they have a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Increasing KLOTHO gene levels in mice made them smarter, possibly by increasing the strength of connections between nerve cells in the brain. The study was partly funded by the National Institutes of Health.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - May 9, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Alternative functions of the brain transsulfuration pathway represent an underappreciated aspect of brain redox biochemistry with significant potential for therapeutic engagement.
Abstract
Scientific appreciation for the subtlety of brain sulfur chemistry has lagged, despite understanding that the brain must maintain high glutathione (GSH) to protect against oxidative stress in tissue that has both a high rate of oxidative respiration and a high content of oxidation-prone polyunsaturated fatty acids. In fact, the brain was long thought to lack a complete transsulfuration pathway (TSP) for cysteine synthesis. It is now clear that not only does the brain possess a functional TSP, but brain TSP enzymes catalyze a rich array of alternative reactions that generate novel species including the gas...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 6, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Hensley K, Denton TT Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
Study reveals how genetic changes lead to familial Alzheimer's disease
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Mutations in the presenilin-1 gene are the most common cause of inherited, early-onset forms of Alzheimer's disease. In a new study, published in Neuron, scientists replaced the normal mouse presenilin-1 gene with Alzheimer's-causing forms of the human gene to discover how these genetic changes may lead to the disorder. Their surprising results may transform the way scientists design drugs that target these mutations to treat inherited or familial Alzheimer's, a rare form of the disease.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - March 11, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Scientists win $1.7 million grant to advance new strategies to treat Huntington's disease
(Scripps Research Institute) Scientists from the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute have won nearly $1.7 million from the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke to investigate the mechanisms that contribute to Huntington's disease, a fatal inherited disease that some have described as having ALS, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's -- at the same time.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 12, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Adaptive Responses of Neuronal Mitochondria to Bioenergetic Challenges: Roles in Neuroplasticity and Disease Resistance.
Abstract
An important concept in neurobiology is "neurons that fire together, wire together" which means that the formation and maintenance of synapses is promoted by activation of those synapses. Very similar to the effects of the stress of exercise on muscle cells, emerging findings suggest that neurons respond to activity by activating signaling pathways (e.g., Ca(2+), CREB, PGC-1α, NF-κB) that stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular stress resistance. These pathways are also activated by aerobic exercise and food deprivation, two bioenergetic challenges of fundamental importance in the evolution of t...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 27, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Raefsky SM, Mattson MP Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
Revealing snapshots: Advanced imaging uncovers how the brain responds to vascular injury
(Medical University of South Carolina) In a January 2, 2018 article in Cell Reports, researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina report that pericytes, a little-understood cell type on the brain's blood vessels, grow into the empty territory left behind when their neighboring pericytes die. Their findings, made possible by advanced imaging of living pericytes, may help scientists better understand how blood vessel plasticity in the brain changes with common disorders, such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - January 2, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news
NIH scientists search for the clocks behind aging brain disorders
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) To understand the link between aging and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, NIH scientists compared the genetic clocks that tick during the lives of normal and mutant flies. They found that altering the activity of a gene called Cdk5 appeared to make the clocks run faster than normal, and the flies older than their chronological age. This caused the flies to have problems walking or flying later in life, to show signs of neurodegeneration, and to die earlier.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - March 14, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news
New gene therapy reprograms brain glial cells into neurons
(Penn State) A new gene therapy can turn certain brain glial cells into functioning neurons, which in turn could help repair the brain after a stroke or during neurological disorders like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - November 5, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news
NRF2 and NF-қB interplay in Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative disorders: Molecular Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Approaches
Publication date: Available online 28 November 2018Source: Redox BiologyAuthor(s): Farzane Sivandzade, Shikha Prasad, Aditya Bhalerao, Luca CuculloAbstractElectrophiles and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in modulating cellular defense mechanisms as well as physiological functions, and intracellular signaling. However, excessive ROS generation (endogenous and exogenous) can create a state of redox imbalance leading to cellular and tissue damage 1. A growing body of research data strongly suggests that imbalanced ROS and electrophile overproduction are among the major prodromal factors in the onset and progr...
Source: Redox Biology - November 29, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Shimmer launches Verisense wearable sensor platform for clinical trials
(Rana Healthcare Solutions LLC) Shimmer, a global leader in wearable technology for research applications, today launched Verisense , its next-generation wearable sensor platform designed from the ground up to meet the needs of clinical trial sponsors, sites and participants. Verisense is a comprehensive and flexible solution for reliably capturing accurate and complete biometric data. Starting in March, Shimmer customers are planning to use Verisense in trials for Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer-related fatigue, and stroke.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 19, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: news
