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Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology
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Total 89 results found since Jan 2013.
Promiscuity of Autoimmune Responses to MBP after Stroke
In this study we examined Th1 and Th17 immune responses to rat myelin basic protein (MBP), bovine MBP, human MBP, MBP 68-86, MBP 63-81 and ovalbumin in Lewis rats to determine which MBP antigen is recognized following ischemic brain injury. Responses were compared to animals immunized to rat MBP. Data show that immune responses following immunization with rat MBP are promiscuous with cross reaction to MBP from other species. After stroke, few animals develop Th1 or Th17 responses to MBP, but when those responses occur, especially Th1 responses to rat MBP in brain, they are predictive of worse stroke outcome.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - May 28, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Dannielle Zierath, Allison Kunze, Leia Fecteau, Kyra Becker Source Type: research
CD200 and CD200 macrophages accumulated in ischemic lesions of rat brain: The two populations cannot be classified as either M1 or M2 macrophages
Two types of macrophages in lesion core of rat stroke model were identified according to NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (NG2) and CD200 expression. NG2+ macrophages were CD200−, and vice versa. NG2− macrophages expressed two splice variants of CD200 that are CD200L and CD200S. CD200+ macrophages expressed CD8, CD68, CD163, CCL2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1β, Toll-like receptor 4 and transforming growth factor β, while NG2+ cells expressed a costimulatory factor CD86. Both cell types expressed insulin-like growth factor 1 and CD200R.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - March 14, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Shirabe Matsumoto, Junya Tanaka, Hajime Yano, Hisaaki Takahashi, Kana Sugimoto, Shiro Ohue, Akihiro Inoue, Hitomi Aono, Akari Kusakawa, Hideaki Watanabe, Yoshiaki Kumon, Takanori Ohnishi Source Type: research
Splenectomy reduces infarct volume and neuroinflammation in male but not female mice in experimental stroke
This study provides new information about the sex specific mechanisms of the peripheral immune response in neurodegeneration after stroke and demonstrates the need for representation of both sexes in basic and clinical stroke research.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - November 25, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Abby L. Dotson, Jianming Wang, Julie Saugstad, Stephanie J. Murphy, Halina Offner Source Type: research
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorate neuroinflammation and mitigate ischemic stroke damage through interactions with astrocytes and microglia
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA n3) provide neuroprotection due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties as well as their regulatory function on growth factors and neuronal plasticity. These qualities enable PUFA n3 to ameliorate stroke outcome and limit neuronal damage. Young adult male rats received transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). PUFA n3 were intravenously administered into the jugular vein immediately after stroke and 12h later. We analyzed stroke volume and behavioral performance as well as the regulation of functionally-relevant genes in the penumbra.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - November 13, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Adib Zendedel, Pardes Habib, Jon Dang, Leoni Lammerding, S. Hoffmann, Cordian Beyer, Alexander Slowik Source Type: research
Neural stem cell transplantation promotes post-ischemic neuronal plasticity by regulating the expression of glutamate transporters
Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters (EAAT) exert a crucial role in regulating glutamate homeostasis within the brain. Restoring their deregulation in pathological conditions, such as ischemic stroke, represents a key element to promote tissue recovery. Here we show that transplantation of EAAT-expressing neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs), in mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), enhanced axonal and dendritic plasticity. Neuroprotection was due to the reduction of pre-synaptic glutamate release within the ipsilesional corticospinal tract (CST), and the enhancement of post-synaptic NMDA-mediated excitato...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Marco Bacigaluppi, Gianluca Luigi Russo, Luca Peruzzotti-jametti, Silvia Rossi, Erica Butti, Roberta De Ceglia, Caterina Motta, Luca Muzio, Giancarlo Comi, Diego Centonze, Roberto William Invernizzi, Dirk Matthias Hermann, Gianvito Martino Tags: 284 Source Type: research
Ibudilast inhibits IL-17
Ibudilast is a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, and influences inflammation and neurodegeneration in patients with ischemic stroke and multiple sclerosis. It is used in Japan to treat bronchial asthma and cerebrovascular disorders. Several reports have shown that ibudilast decreases the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1-beta, IL-6, and interferon-gamma. It also suppresses the differentiation of T helper 1 cells. However, it remains unknown whether ibudilast suppresses Th17 differentiation and IL-17 production.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kiyokazu Kawabe, Masaru Yanagihashi, Ken Ikeda, Yasuo Iwasaki Tags: 534 Source Type: research
Neuroprotection by blocking CXCR2 after cerebral ischemia in hypercholesterolemic mice
Background: There is increasing evidence that inflammation-related co-morbidities contribute to stroke-induced immune responses and brain damage. We have shown that hypercholesterolemia increases ischemia-induced peripheral and cerebral granulocyte numbers, which is associated with enhanced cerebral tissue injury. Recent reports suggest that the neutrophil-specific chemokine receptor CXCR2 promotes peripheral ischemia-induced neutrophilia and neutrophil infiltration into ischemic brains, although CXCR2 blockade fails to exert neuroprotection in wildtype mice.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Josephine Herz, Pascal Sabellek, Dirk M. Hermann, Thorsten R. Doeppner Tags: 599 Source Type: research
Sex dependent influences of apolipoprotein E on the expression ATP-binding cassette transporters during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (apoE) has different sex specific immunomodulatory functions in vitro. In addition, apoE is known to regulate multi drug resistance transporters of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family in an experimental model of acute ischemic stroke. ABC transporters are active cellular efflux pumps with substrate specificity also for different therapeutics used in Multiple Sclerosis. It is currently unknown whether therapeutically relevant ABC-transporters are also regulated in chronic neuroinflammatory disease.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Anne Böhme, Lisa Schrewe, Ralf Gold, Andrew Chan Tags: 437 Source Type: research
Effects of nutrition on leucocyte infiltration and neurogenesis after stroke in aged rats
Aim: The role of inflammation in stroke lesion development is currently intensively investigated. Most experimental models make use of young animals with normal nutritional status despite the fact that ageing and obesity are important risk factors for patients to suffer from cerebrovascular disease. Both ageing and nutritional customs are known to alter inflammatory responses and to affect stroke outcome. However, no data are available on the effect of nutrition regimen on stroke outcome and brain inflammation in aged animals.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Romy Baguhl, Christy Joseph, Theofilos Tsakmakides, Alexander Dressel Tags: 334 Source Type: research
The role of CCR6 in ischemic stroke
Stroke causes brain damage which is accompanied by a rapid and sustained activation of the immune system that can contribute to additional tissue injury. Ischemic stroke is attenuated in mice lacking T cells and γδ T cells, suggesting that inflammation enhances tissue damage. In a murine model of stroke we previously explored that αβ and γδ T cells exhibit tightly regulated temporal and spatial infiltration dynamics into the ischemic brain. Further we explored that IL-17 secreted by γδ T cells is a key cytokine for the detrimental infiltration of neutrophil granulocytes.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Priyadharshini Arunachalam, Mathias Gelderblom, Tim Magnus Tags: 345 Source Type: research
Therapeutic implications of Apolipoprotein E genotype in autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system
Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is characterized by pleiotropic immunomodulatory functions in vitro, but its influence on the clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), is still unclear. While there is no evidence for an association of APOE genotypes and MS susceptibility, apoE might have therapeutic implications due to its regulatory effect on ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporter activity as demonstrated in experimental ischemic stroke.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: , Ralf Gold, Andrew Chan Tags: 512 Source Type: research
Effect of monomethyl-fumarate on experimental stroke
Activation of the cytoprotective Nrf2 pathway has been shown to be beneficial in experimental stroke. Dimethyl-fumarate (DMF) activates the Nrf2 pathway through its active metabolite monomethyl-fumarate (MMF). DMF has been recently registered as an oral treatment of multiple sclerosis. Considering that novel treatment acting through the Nrf2 pathway is already available in clinical practice, here we investigated if MMF given intravenously protects against experimental stroke.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: , Bettina H. Clausen, Bente Finsen, Helle H. Nielsen, Louise Lundberg, Kate L. Lambertsen Tags: 333 Source Type: research
A role for the complement alternative pathway in the pathology of multiple sclerosis grey matter lesions
In multiple sclerosis (MS), pathology of cortical and deep grey matter structures is predictive of a more rapid transit to the progressive phase and a more disabling disease. As all aspects of the complement system are activated in white matter (WM) lesions of progressive MS, we aim to understand the role of complement in the pathogenesis of grey matter (GM) lesions. We analysed the expression of classical (C1q, C4d), alternative (C3b–iC3b, Bb) and terminal (TCC) pathways of complement activation in post-mortem tissue from 22 progressive (13 SPMS, 9 male, median age at death 50years (38–66)); 8 inflammatory controls (v...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lewis M. Watkins, Samantha Loveless, James Neal, Mark I. Rees, Neil Robertson, Richard Reynolds, B. Paul Morgan, Owain W. Howell Tags: 324 Source Type: research
Flavanol (−)-epicatechin protects against hemorrhagic stroke by modulating NF-E2-related factor 2-dependent and -independent pathways
In this study, we examined whether EC can reduce early brain injury in ICH models and evaluated the underlying mechanisms of action.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: , Suzy Cho, Jian Wang Tags: 598 Source Type: research
Interferon-beta confers protective effects against ischemic stroke through its anti-inflammatory properties
Stroke is a leading cause of death in the world. In over 80% of strokes the initial acute phase of ischemic injury is due to the occlusion of a blood vessel resulting in severer focal hypoperfusion, excitotoxicity and oxidative damage. The inflammatory response which characterizes the sub-acute phase of ischemia is initiated by resident microglia (MG) and peripheral immune cells infiltrating into the region surrounding the infarct core and leading to secondary neurodegeneration. Current clinical therapies using thrombolytic and anti-platelet agents are limited by temporal restrictions and do not prevent the secondary, infl...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ping-chang Kuo, Barbara Scofield, Tags: 301 Source Type: research
