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Relation of Cardiovascular Events and Deaths to Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level Among Statin-Treated Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
This study describes subsequent cardiovascular events and deaths by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) receiving moderate to high-intensity statins. Olmsted County, MN residents with index ASCVD (myocardial infarction, unstable angina, coronary revascularization, ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack) occurring between 2005-2012 were identified, and those with a prescription for a moderate- or high-intensity statin and an LDL-C measurement in the 90 days after index were included.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - March 7, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Alanna M. Chamberlain, Sarah S. Cohen, Susan A. Weston, Kathleen M. Fox, Pin Xiang, Jill M. Killian, Yi Qian Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Outcomes and All-cause Mortality Following Measurement of Endogenous Testosterone Levels
We examined whether low total testosterone levels are associated with stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic), myocardial infarction (MI), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and all-cause mortality among adult men. We conducted a cohort study in the Central Denmark Region (20002015). We included all men with a first-ever laboratory testosterone result and computed the 5-year risks of cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - March 7, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kasper Adelborg, Thomas B øjer Rasmussen, Helene Nørrelund, J Bradley Layton, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Christian Fynbo Christiansen Source Type: research

Impact of Heart Failure Type on Thromboembolic and Bleeding Risk in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation on Oral Anticoagulation
Heart failure (HF) increases stroke risk in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Differential impact of HF category on thromboembolic and bleeding risk in AF patients on oral anticoagulation (OAC) is unknown. We used Medicare data for beneficiaries with new AF diagnosed between 2011 and 2013 to identify patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and no HF. The primary endpoint of admission for ischemic stroke was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models that controlled for patient demographics, comorbidities (including CHA2DS2-VASc and HASBLED score...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - February 28, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Amgad Mentias, Alexandros Briasoulis, Ghanshyam Shantha, Paulino Alvarez, Mary Vaughan-Sarrazin Source Type: research

Relation of Left Atrial Appendage Morphology Determined by Computed Tomography to Prior Stroke or to Increased Risk of Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
This study aimed to assess inter-observer and intra-observer agreements in LAA morphology and its real value in stroke prediction. A total of 2264 atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) to explore the LAA anatomy were enrolled.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - January 23, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lingmin Wu, Erpeng Liang, Siyang Fan, Lihui Zheng, Zhongpeng Du, Shangyu Liu, Feng Hu, Xiaohan Fan, Gang Chen, Ligang Ding, Yan Yao Source Type: research

Relation of Admission Blood Pressure to In-hospital and 90-Day Outcomes in Patients Presenting with Transient Ischemic Attack
The association between admission blood pressure (BP) and outcomes in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) is not well defined. Patients in the United States national Get With The Guidelines-Stroke registry with a TIA were included. Admission systolic and diastolic BP was used to compute mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP). A subset of this cohort was linked to CMS claims data for post-discharge outcomes. The in-hospital outcomes of interest were: mortality, not discharged home, and inability to ambulate independently at discharge.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - January 10, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sripal Bangalore, Lee Schwamm, Eric E. Smith, Anne S. Hellkamp, Ying Xian, Phillip J. Schulte, Jeffrey L. Saver, Gregg C. Fonarow, Deepak L. Bhatt, for the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Steering Committee and Investigators Source Type: research

Extremely low prevalence of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and transient cardiac dysfunction in stroke patients with T-wave abnormalities
Stone et al. studied an important association about the presence of cerebral T-waves in 800 patients with ischemic stroke1. They demonstrated that about 17 (2.1%) patients presenting with stroke exhibited cerebral T-waves and of those, only 3 patients (18%) with T-wave abnormality have transient systolic dysfunction on echocardiography. Thus overall, only 0.0037% (3 of 800) patients developed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) in the study group of patients with stroke.1
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - January 9, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lovely Chhabra, Nauman Khalid, Pooja Sareen Source Type: research

Relation of Venous Thromboembolism Risk to Ischemic Stroke Risk in Hospitalized Patients with Cancer
Patients with cancer are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the relationship of cancer type to the risk of arterial thrombosis in patients with high VTE risk has not been described. The goal of this study is to determine the rate of arterial thrombosis in patients with different types of solid tumors stratified by VTE risk. Using the 2012 National Inpatient Sample, we identified 373,789 hospitalizations involving patients ≥18 years associated with solid tumors, stratified by type.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - November 24, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Alyssa M. Corley, Malachy J. Sullivan, Scott E. Friedman, Daniel J. O'Rourke, Robert T. Palac, Anthony S. Gemignani Source Type: research

Comparison of In-Hospital Outcomes of Patients With-Versus-Without Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Undergoing Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of heart failure (HF) etiology (ischemic cardiomyopathy [ICM] versus nonischemic cardiomyopathy) on in-hospital outcomes in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. We identified patients who underwent LVAD placement from 2011 to 2014. The primary end point was the effect of ICM on in-hospital mortality. Secondary end points included periprocedural vascular complications requiring surgery, postoperative myocardial infarction, stroke, and hemorrhage requiring transfusion.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - November 20, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hossam Abubakar, Ahmed Subahi, Oluwole Adegbala, Ahmed S. Yassin, Emmanuel Akintoye, Ahmed Abdulrahman, Abdelrahman Ahmed, Adedotun Alade, Mohit Pahuja, Luis Afonso Source Type: research

Comparison of In-hospital Outcomes of Patients With-vs-Without Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Undergoing Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of heart failure (HF) etiology (ischemic cardiomyopathy (IC) vs. non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NIC)) on in-hospital outcomes in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. We identified patients who underwent LVAD placement from 2011 to 2014. The primary endpoint was the effect of ICM on in-hospital mortality. Secondary endpoints included peri-procedural vascular complications requiring surgery, post-operative myocardial infarction, stroke and hemorrhage requiring transfusion.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - November 20, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hossam Abubakar, Ahmed Subahi, Oluwole Adegbala, Ahmed S Yassin, Emmanuel Akintoye, Ahmed Abdulrahman, Abdelrahman Ahmed, Adedotun Alade, Mohit Pahuja, Luis Afonso Source Type: research

Relation of the CHA2DS2-VASc Score to Risk of Thrombotic and Embolic Stroke in Community-Dwelling Individuals Without Atrial Fibrillation (From The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities ARIC Study)
Recent hospital-based cohort studies found the CHA2DS2-VASc score to be associated with ischemic stroke in individuals without atrial fibrillation (AF). Our aim was to determine the distribution of embolic and thrombotic strokes and association with the CHA2DS2-VASc score, among community-dwelling individuals without AF. We included participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study who attended visit 4 (1996-98) and had no prior AF, stroke, or anticoagulant use (n=10,671). During follow-up through 2008, incident AF cases (n=760) and participants who started warfarin were censored.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - November 6, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ryan J. Koene, M. Chadi Alraies, Faye L. Norby, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Ankit Maheshwari, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Alvaro Alonso, Lin Y. Chen Source Type: research

Comparison of Frequency of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Versus Without Coronary Heart Disease and Without Atrial Fibrillation
We examined ischemic stroke risk in patients without atrial fibrillation who underwent coronary angiography between 2004 and 2012. Patients were stratified according to presence or absence of CAD and further stratified by extent of CAD (0 vessel disease [VD], 1 VD, 2 VD, 3 VD, and diffuse VD).
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - October 30, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kevin Kris Warnakula Olesen, Kamilla Steensig, Morten Madsen, Troels Thim, Lisette Okkels Jensen, Bent Raungaard, John Eikelboom, Steen Dalby Kristensen, Hans Erik B øtker, Michael Maeng Source Type: research

Comparison of the Utility of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Stratified by Age Group ( < 60, 60-80, ≥80 Years)
The objective was to study the utility of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in affecting acute ischemic stroke treatment of older adults (age, ≥80 years). Patients hospitalized between January 2010 and February 2015 were included who had TEE ordered as part of their diagnostic workup at a tertiary medical center. We studied 515 hospitalized patients with acute stroke or transient ischemic attack who underwent TEE. The proportion of patie nts with important TEE findings was 35%. However, TEE changed management in only 2.5% of cases.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - September 17, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ryan C. Van Woerkom, Steven J. Lester, Bart M. Demaerschalk, Austin J. LaBanc, Megan L. Davis, Maria F. Coakley, Stephen S. Cha, Susan Wilansky Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Underuse of oral anticoagulants in patients with ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation in China
Anticoagulant therapy is an effective stroke prevention measure for people with atrial fibrillation (AF) who are at high risk of ischemic stroke. However, it is reported that oral anticoagulants (OACs) are generally underused in clinical practice. A better awareness of current usage of anticoagulant therapy would enable prevention of stroke secondary to AF. Therefore, we determined the nationwide prevalence of AF and the frequency of OACs use among patients with ischemic stroke in China. Based on the China National Stroke Screening Survey (CNSSS), a representative nationwide sample of 1,252,703 adults over 40 years old dur...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - September 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jian Guo, Tianjia Guan, Siyuan Fan, Baohua Chao, Longde Wang, Yuanli Liu Source Type: research

Extended Cardiac Monitoring in Patients with Severe Sleep Apnea and no History of Atrial Fibrillation (The Reveal XT-SA Study)
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a risk factor for ischemic stroke and reported to be associated with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of newly detected AF in patients with severe OSA and no prior history of AF. Prospective observational study included patients with severe OSA (Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) ≥ 30) and no history of AF. Primary outcome was detection of AF lasting ≥10 s. Patients were subjected to 2 24-hour Holter monitors, and if no AF was detected, implanted with a Medtronic Reveal XT implantable loop recorder (ILR).
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - September 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Cynthia Yeung, Doran Drew, Sharlene Hammond, Wilma M. Hopman, Damian Redfearn, Christopher Simpson, Hoshiar Abdollah, Adrian Baranchuk Source Type: research

Usefulness and Safety of Rivaroxaban in Patients Following Isolated Mitral Valve Replacement With A Mechanical Prosthesis
Rivaroxaban has previously been tested in experimental and animal models with encouraging results. We prospectively selected 7 patients between May 2017 and January 2018 who underwent isolated mitral valve replacement with a mechanic prosthesis and had unstable INR control at least 3 months after surgery. An intervention of rivaroxaban 15 mg was then administered twice daily for a period of 90 days. No patient presented intracardiac thrombus, reversible ischemic neurological deficit, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, hospitalization or death during 3 months of follow-up.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - July 15, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Andr é R Durães, Yasmin de S L Bitar, Maria Luiza G Lima, Caroline C Santos, Igor S Schonhofen, José Admirço L Filho, Leonardo Roever Source Type: research

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