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Source: Neurology
Condition: Hypertension

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Total 378 results found since Jan 2013.

Association between percent decline in serum total homocysteine and risk of first stroke
Conclusions: Percent lowering in tHcy was significantly associated with a reduction in first stroke risk in Chinese adults with hypertension, and if further confirmed, may serve as a useful indicator for folic acid treatment efficacy on stroke prevention. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00794885.
Source: Neurology - November 13, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Huang, X., Li, Y., Li, P., Li, J., Bao, H., Zhang, Y., Wang, B., Sun, N., Wang, J., He, M., Yin, D., Tang, G., Chen, Y., Cui, Y., Huang, Y., Hou, F. F., Qin, X., Huo, Y., Cheng, X. Tags: Stroke prevention, All Clinical trials ARTICLE Source Type: research

Big data trends in stroke epidemiology in the United States: But are they good data?
Based on prior epidemiologic studies in the United States, approximately 80% of first-time strokes can be explained by modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, and therefore optimal control or elimination of known risk factors might prevent these strokes.1 Campaigns such as the American Heart Association (AHA) initiative, Life's Simple 7, have set ambitious goals for optimal cardiovascular and stroke risk factor control; in addition, a wealth of online resources are available for an increasingly health-conscious society.2 There are indeed some glimmers of hope. Efforts to prevent stroke, in large part from emphasis on...
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Prabhakaran, S. Tags: EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Increasing prevalence of vascular risk factors in patients with stroke: A call to action
Conclusions: Despite numerous guidelines and prevention initiatives, prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, and drug abuse in AIS increased across the 2004–2014 period. Proportion of patients with carotid stenosis, CRF, and multiple risk factors also increased. Enhanced risk factor modification strategies and implementation of evidence-based recommendations are needed for optimal stroke prevention.
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Otite, F. O., Liaw, N., Khandelwal, P., Malik, A. M., Romano, J. G., Rundek, T., Sacco, R. L., Chaturvedi, S. Tags: Stroke prevention, Embolism, Prevalence studies, Risk factors in epidemiology, Infarction ARTICLE Source Type: research

Teaching NeuroImages: Bilateral hypertrophic olivary degeneration following posterior circulation stroke
A 40-year-old comatose man was brought to the hospital with a history of posterior circulation stroke 4 months earlier due to hypertension. On examination, he had spastic quadriplegia, bilateral extensor plantar reflex, and palatal myoclonus. MRI revealed enlarged olives (figure 1) and chronic infarcts involving midbrain and pons (figure 2) suggestive of hypertrophic olivary degeneration seen after 4 months of insult. Hypertrophic olivary degeneration is a transsynaptic degeneration involving interconnecting fibers of inferior olivary nucleus, red nucleus, and contralateral dentate nucleus forming the 3 corners of the Guil...
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Venkatesh, M., Prasad, V. R. S., Basha, S. U., Priya, G. H. J. Tags: MRI, Coma, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Education, Infarction RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Oral antidiabetic drugs and dementia risk: Does treatment matter?
As the population ages, dementia grows as a public health problem. The rising life expectancy and the aging of the so-called baby boomer cohort translate to a substantial number of people reaching ages of high risk for age-related conditions like dementia. As a major cause of disability and dependency in elderly people, dementia puts social and economic burden on patients and their families and affects health care systems worldwide. In the absence of a cure, primary prevention will have the largest effect on the reduction of dementia occurrence.1 Thus, public health research should focus on the identification of modifiable...
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Fink, A., Haenisch, B. Tags: All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, All epidemiology EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Smoking cessation and secondary stroke prevention
The 7 million adult stroke survivors in the United States remain at high risk for a recurrent stroke. The increased morbidity and cost associated with recurrent stroke, in addition to the 5% to 20% yearly stroke recurrence, support the need for additional investigations into secondary stroke prevention.1,2 Stroke prevention guidelines, whether primary or secondary, focus on risk factor control of modifiable risk factors. The American Heart Association/American Stroke Association guidelines for secondary stroke prevention indicate evidence-based risk factor control, interventional approaches, and treatment options as approa...
Source: Neurology - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Boehme, A. Tags: EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Smoking cessation and outcome after ischemic stroke or TIA
Conclusion: Cessation of cigarette smoking after an ischemic stroke or TIA was associated with significant health benefits over 4.8 years in the IRIS trial cohort.
Source: Neurology - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Epstein, K. A., Viscoli, C. M., Spence, J. D., Young, L. H., Inzucchi, S. E., Gorman, M., Gerstenhaber, B., Guarino, P. D., Dixit, A., Furie, K. L., Kernan, W. N., For the IRIS Trial Investigators Tags: Stroke prevention, Prognosis, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Infarction ARTICLE Source Type: research

Effect of informed consent on patient characteristics in a stroke thrombolysis trial
Conclusions: Patients recruited by proxy consent were older, had more severe strokes, and had higher prevalence of aphasia than those with capacity to give personal consent. Variations in the manner of consent across countries may influence trial results. Clinicaltrials.gov and Clinicaltrialsregister.eu identifiers: NCT01525290 (clinicaltrials.gov); 2011-005906-32 (clinicaltrialsregister.eu).
Source: Neurology - September 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Thomalla, G., Boutitie, F., Fiebach, J. B., Simonsen, C. Z., Nighoghossian, N., Pedraza, S., Lemmens, R., Roy, P., Muir, K. W., Heesen, C., Ebinger, M., Ford, I., Cheng, B., Cho, T.-H., Puig, J., Thijs, V., Endres, M., Fiehler, J., Gerloff, C. Tags: MRI, All Clinical trials, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Clinical trials Methodology/study design, All Ethics in Neurology/Legal issues ARTICLE Source Type: research

Waxing and waning of white matter hyperintensities
Small vessel disease (SVD) manifests in myriad ways, most prominently as white matter hyperintensities (WMH).1,2 By the age of 60 years, virtually every healthy individual has evidence of WMH,3 and those with ischemic stroke have even more extensive changes.4 Cerebral ischemic injury from occlusion or stenosis of deep penetrating arteries due to (uncontrolled) hypertension ranks highest among the potential causes of WMH.5 These WMH are among the most important vascular contributors to cognitive decline, dementia, and parkinsonism.6
Source: Neurology - September 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: de Leeuw, F.-E., Nichols, F. Tags: MRI, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Vascular dementia EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Predicting major bleeding in patients with noncardioembolic stroke on antiplatelets: S2TOP-BLEED
Conclusions: The S2TOP-BLEED score can be used to estimate 3-year major bleeding risk in patients with a TIA or ischemic stroke who use antiplatelet agents, based on readily available characteristics. The discriminatory performance may be improved by identifying stronger predictors of major bleeding.
Source: Neurology - August 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Hilkens, N. A., Algra, A., Diener, H.-C., Reitsma, J. B., Bath, P. M., Csiba, L., Hacke, W., Kappelle, L. J., Koudstaal, P. J., Leys, D., Mas, J.-L., Sacco, R. L., Amarenco, P., Sissani, L., Greving, J. P., For the Cerebrovascular Antiplatelet Trialists' Tags: Stroke prevention, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Risk factors in epidemiology, Infarction ARTICLE Source Type: research

Mystery Case: A case of fulminant encephalopathy in a 69-year-old woman
A 69-year-old right-handed woman was admitted to the medical intensive care unit for acute encephalopathy. Her medical history included sickle cell disease (hemoglobin sickle cell [HbSC]) with bone involvement (bilateral femoral head osteonecrosis) and rare sickle cell crises with joint pain and hemolytic anemia requiring red blood cell transfusions, sarcoidosis, diabetes, hypertension, and hypothyroidism. She never smoked cigarettes and never used recreational drugs or alcohol, and there was no history of recent travel. The patient's daughter reported that the patient was found unresponsive lying on the floor in the morni...
Source: Neurology - August 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Lamotte, G., Williams, C. Tags: MRI, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Coma, Critical care, Embolism RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke
Conclusions: Higher serum MMP-9 levels in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were associated with increased risk of mortality and major disability, suggesting that serum MMP-9 could be an important prognostic factor for ischemic stroke.
Source: Neurology - August 21, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhong, C., Yang, J., Xu, T., Xu, T., Peng, Y., Wang, A., Wang, J., Peng, H., Li, Q., Ju, Z., Geng, D., Zhang, Y., He, J., For the CATIS Investigators Tags: Stroke prevention, Prognosis, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Clinical trials Observational study (Cohort, Case control), Cohort studies ARTICLE Source Type: research

Clinical Reasoning: Two see or not two see--Is it really double vision?
A 57-year-old right-handed woman presented to the emergency department with complaints of double vision and intractable nausea that began abruptly 2 days earlier. Her visual symptoms were characterized as seeing overlapping or separate horizontally or diagonally displaced objects. She had no history of headaches or stroke. Her cerebrovascular risk factors included hypertension, type II diabetes, coronary artery disease, and cigarette smoking. Her medications included clopidogrel, lisinopril, paroxetine, and oxycodone. Her family history was notable for late-onset ischemic heart disease in her parents with no first-degree r...
Source: Neurology - August 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Murphy, R. R., Al Sawaf, A., Rose, D. R., Goldstein, L. B., Smith, C. D. Tags: Clinical neurology examination, Diplopia (double vision), Visual fields, Visual processing, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Blood pressure levels post mechanical thrombectomy and outcomes in large vessel occlusion strokes
Conclusions: High maximum SBP levels following MT are independently associated with increased likelihood of 3-month mortality and functional dependence in LVO patients. Moderate BP control is also related to lower odds of 3-month mortality in comparison to permissive hypertension.
Source: Neurology - August 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Goyal, N., Tsivgoulis, G., Pandhi, A., Chang, J. J., Dillard, K., Ishfaq, M. F., Nearing, K., Choudhri, A. F., Hoit, D., Alexandrov, A. W., Arthur, A. S., Elijovich, L., Alexandrov, A. V. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke ARTICLE Source Type: research

BMI increase through puberty and adolescence is associated with risk of adult stroke
Conclusions: BMI increase through puberty and adolescence is associated with risk of adult IS and ICH in men. We propose that greater BMI increases during puberty contribute to increased risk of adult stroke at least partly via increased blood pressure.
Source: Neurology - July 24, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ohlsson, C., Bygdell, M., Sonden, A., Jern, C., Rosengren, A., Kindblom, J. M. Tags: All Pediatric, Adolescence, Cohort studies, Infarction, Intracerebral hemorrhage ARTICLE Source Type: research