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Source: Neurology
Condition: Dementia

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Total 240 results found since Jan 2013.

Association of arterial stiffness with progression of subclinical brain and cognitive disease
Conclusions: In middle-aged and older adults without evidence of clinical stroke or dementia, elevated arterial stiffness and pressure pulsatility are associated with longitudinal progression of subclinical vascular brain injury and greater neurocognitive decline. Treatments to reduce arterial stiffness may potentially reduce the progression of neurovascular disease and cognitive decline.
Source: Neurology - February 15, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Tsao, C. W., Himali, J. J., Beiser, A. S., Larson, M. G., DeCarli, C., Vasan, R. S., Mitchell, G. F., Seshadri, S. Tags: MRI, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, All epidemiology ARTICLE Source Type: research

Adherence to Ideal Cardiovascular Health Guidelines Prevents Vascular Brain Injury, Dementia and Cognitive Decline (S32.006)
CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the AHA’s Ideal-CVH factors and behaviours, particularly in midlife, may protect against vascular brain injury and dementia. Study Supported by: NIH; NHLBI; NIA; NINDS; NHMRC.Disclosure: Dr. Pase has nothing to disclose. Dr. Beiser has nothing to disclose. Dr. Enserro has nothing to disclose. Dr. Xanthakis has nothing to disclose. Dr. Aparicio has nothing to disclose. Dr. Satizabal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Himali has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kase has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ramachandran has nothing to disclose. Dr. DeCarli has nothing to disclose. Dr. Seshadri has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - February 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Pase, M., Beiser, A., Enserro, D., Xanthakis, V., Aparicio, H. J., Satizabal, C., Himali, J., Kase, C., Ramachandran, V., DeCarli, C., Seshadri, S. Tags: Neuroepidemiology Source Type: research

Effects of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor on White Matter Integrity in Middle-Aged Adults: A Voxel-Based Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study (S39.006)
Conclusions: In our community-based, stroke-free middle-aged sample, elevated BDNF has a subtle, positive effect on WM microstructural integrity in specific tracts whose integrity was also found to be associated with preserved executive function. These data can expand our understanding of the structural pathways in the brain implicated in BDNF mediated preservation of cognitive reserve and protection from vascular brain injury.Disclosure: Dr. Maillard has nothing to disclose. Dr. Satizabal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Beiser has nothing to disclose. Dr. Himali has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chen has nothing to disclose. Dr. ...
Source: Neurology - February 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Maillard, P., Satizabal, C., Beiser, A., Himali, J., Chen, T., Vasan, R., Seshadri, S., DeCarli, C. Tags: Aging and Dementia: Pathology and Imaging Source Type: research

Diabetes and Small Vessel Cerebrovascular Disease Influence Motor and Cognitive Features in Early Parkinsons Disease (S19.006)
Conclusion: Vascular comorbidity contributes significantly to the disease pattern in patients with early PD, involving both gait and cognitive impairments. This has prognostic and treatment implications.Disclosure: Dr. Malek has nothing to disclose. Dr. Swallow has nothing to disclose. Dr. Grosset has nothing to disclose. Dr. Michael has nothing to disclose. Dr. Marrinan has received research support from GlaxoSmithKline. Dr. Bajaj has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma and Eli Lilly & Company. Dr. Barker has received personal compensation for activities with National Advisory Board (UK) of S...
Source: Neurology - February 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Malek, N., Swallow, D., Grosset, K., Michael, L., Marrinan, S., Bajaj, N., Barker, R., Burn, D., Hardy, J., Morris, H., Williams, N., Wood, N., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Grosset, D. Tags: Movement Disorders: Parkinson ' s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes: Phenomenology Source Type: research

Cardiorespiratory fitness and cognition in the elderly: Can you outrun cognitive impairment?
The identification of lifestyle choices that reduce dementia risk remains of considerable interest.1 Both exercise and nonexercise physical activity have been associated with better cognition and reduced dementia risk.2–4 One hypothesis for this association relates to the cardiovascular benefits on reduction of cerebrovascular disease, but few studies have generated data on cardiovascular fitness, neuroimaging, and cognition from a sufficiently large number of persons to test this theory. In this issue of Neurology®, Freudenberger et al.5 present such data from a community-based study of nearly 900 participants.
Source: Neurology - February 1, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Roever, L., Bennett, D. A. Tags: Stroke prevention, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Neurologist ambulatory care, health care utilization, and costs in a large commercial dataset
Conclusion: Neurologist involvement with care is associated with greater unadjusted allowed payments, but fewer adverse events and less acute care utilization.
Source: Neurology - January 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ney, J. P., Johnson, B., Knabel, T., Craft, K., Kaufman, J. Tags: Cost effectiveness/economic, Outcome research, Medical care, Billing, Insurance ARTICLE Source Type: research

Genome-wide meta-analysis of cerebral white matter hyperintensities in patients with stroke
Conclusions: Genetic associations with WMHV are shared in otherwise healthy individuals and patients with stroke, indicating common genetic susceptibility in cerebral small vessel disease.
Source: Neurology - January 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Traylor, M., Zhang, C. R., Adib-Samii, P., Devan, W. J., Parsons, O. E., Lanfranconi, S., Gregory, S., Cloonan, L., Falcone, G. J., Radmanesh, F., Fitzpatrick, K., Kanakis, A., Barrick, T. R., Moynihan, B., Lewis, C. M., Boncoraglio, G. B., Lemmens, R., T Tags: MRI, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, All Genetics, Association studies in genetics ARTICLE Source Type: research

Dipping to clear amyloid: Cerebrovascular reactivity and neurodegeneration--cause or effect?
In this issue of Neurology®, Tarumi et al.1 report an interesting study on a small sample of 40 persons with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who were free of major vascular disease, sleep disorders, uncontrolled hypertension, and diabetes. They found that 2 indicators of a healthy, reactive vasculature, a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure (BP) when asleep (compared to the BP when awake), and greater cerebrovascular reactivity in response to physical activity, assessed using transcranial Doppler insonation of the intracranial middle cerebral artery, were each associated with lower PET amyloid burden ...
Source: Neurology - November 30, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Seshadri, S., Moonis, M. Tags: PET, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, Alzheimer's disease EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Cognitive performance and poor long-term functional outcome after young stroke
Conclusions: On average, 11 years after young IS there was no clear relationship between long-term cognitive deficits and long-term functional outcome or IADL, stressing the need for further prospective studies with further development of sensitive measures of functional prognosis.
Source: Neurology - August 31, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Synhaeve, N. E., Schaapsmeerders, P., Arntz, R. M., Maaijwee, N. A. M., Rutten-Jacobs, L. C. A., Schoonderwaldt, H. C., Dorresteijn, L. D. A., de Kort, P. L. M., van Dijk, E. J., Kessels, R. P. C., de Leeuw, F.-E. Tags: Stroke in young adults, Prognosis, Assessment of cognitive disorders/dementia ARTICLE Source Type: research

Executive function, but not memory, associates with incident coronary heart disease and stroke
Conclusion: Lower executive function, but not memory, is associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Lower executive function, as an independent risk indicator, might better reflect brain vascular pathologies.
Source: Neurology - August 31, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Rostamian, S., van Buchem, M. A., Westendorp, R. G. J., Jukema, J. W., Mooijaart, S. P., Sabayan, B., de Craen, A. J. M. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Cardiac, Cognitive aging, Cohort studies, Risk factors in epidemiology ARTICLE Source Type: research

Inflammation-associated declines in cerebral vasoreactivity and cognition in type 2 diabetes
Conclusions: Inflammation may further impair cerebral vasoregulation, which consequently accelerates decline in executive function and daily activities performance in older people with T2DM.
Source: Neurology - August 3, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Chung, C.-C., Pimentel, D., Jor'dan, A. J., Hao, Y., Milberg, W., Novak, V. Tags: MRI, Endocrine, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia ARTICLE Source Type: research

Characteristic features and progression of abnormalities on MRI for CARASIL
Conclusions: These characteristic MRI findings for CARASIL are useful for selecting patients for genetic testing. The rating scale correlates well with disease duration and might be useful for assessing disease progression.
Source: Neurology - August 3, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Nozaki, H., Sekine, Y., Fukutake, T., Nishimoto, Y., Shimoe, Y., Shirata, A., Yanagawa, S., Hirayama, M., Tamura, M., Nishizawa, M., Onodera, O. Tags: Stroke in young adults, MRI, Disc disease, CADASIL, Vascular dementia ARTICLE Source Type: research

Cerebral proliferative angiopathy: Rare case of seizures, bone erosion, and pulsatile head bump
A 22-year-old man presented with a 5-year history of focal seizures and a pulsatile bump on the forehead (figure, A; video on the Neurology® Web site at Neurology.org). He had subtle right hemiparesis with facial palsy, Mini-Mental State Examination score of 22/30, and audible bruit on forehead swelling, suggesting cerebral proliferative angiopathy (CPA). This condition differs from arteriovenous malformation in in that hemorrhages are uncommon; it has a typically large size, with normal brain parenchyma between vascular spaces (figure, B).1 There are multiple arterial feeders (figure, C) with prominent draining veins ...
Source: Neurology - June 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Khwaja, G. A., Bohra, V., Duggal, A., Srivastava, A., Chaudhry, N. Tags: All Imaging, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, Arteriovenous malformation VIDEO NEUROIMAGES Source Type: research

Subclinical cerebrovascular disease inversely associates with learning ability: The NOMAS
Conclusions: White matter hyperintensities, a marker of cerebral small vessel disease, may have an impact on learning slope. This suggests that verbal learning performance can be incorporated into neuropsychological measures for vascular cognitive impairment and that cerebrovascular disease discovered on imaging affects the ability to learn new information.
Source: Neurology - June 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Glazer, H., Dong, C., Yoshita, M., Rundek, T., Elkind, M. S. V., Sacco, R. L., DeCarli, C., Stern, Y., Wright, C. B. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Cognitive aging, Assessment of cognitive disorders/dementia ARTICLE Source Type: research

White matter lesion volume reduces fine motor skills: Is primary stroke prophylaxis warranted?
Neuroimaging, particularly cerebral MRI, frequently demonstrates white matter lesions (WMLs) in the elderly and patients with vascular risk factors such as arterial hypertension and diabetes. WMLs may result from ischemia associated with atherosclerosis of perforating arteries and arteriolar degeneration due to fibrohyalinosis.1,2 They can appear silently, but are an important risk factor for the development of stroke, mainly ischemic stroke.3 Moreover, WMLs are linked to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia.4,5
Source: Neurology - May 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Wartenberg, K. E., Lorenzano, S. Tags: Stroke prevention, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Vascular dementia, Prevalence studies, Risk factors in epidemiology EDITORIALS Source Type: research