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Total 262 results found since Jan 2013.

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Continuous positive airway pressure fails to improve cardiovascular outcomes in obstructive sleep apnea Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased cardiovascular events in observational studies. Randomized trials have demonstrated continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy reduces blood pressure, markers of oxidative stress and insulin insensitivity. Yet, it remains unclear whether treatment with CPAP reduces cardiovascular events. In the largest study of its kind, 2717 patients aged 45 to 75 years with moderate-to-severe OSA and coronary or cerebrovascular disease were randomized in open-label fash...
Source: Heart - March 12, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: McCabe, J. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and cardiovascular risks in patients with pre-existing heart failure
Conclusions In this nationwide T2DM cohort, the risks of mortality and the combination of MI and ischaemic stroke were lower for patients receiving DPP-4 inhibitors than for those who did not receive such treatment. DPP-4 inhibitor use was not associated with a higher risk of hospitalisation for HF even in patients with pre-existing HF.
Source: Heart - February 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ou, S.-M., Chen, H.-T., Kuo, S.-C., Chen, T.-J., Shih, C.-J., Chen, Y.-T. Tags: Health policy, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology, Diabetes, Metabolic disorders Heart failure and cardiomyopathies Source Type: research

Coronary bypass surgery versus stenting in multivessel disease involving the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery
Conclusions In patients with multivessel disease with proximal LAD involvement, CABG is associated with lower rates of the safety composite endpoint of death, MI or stroke as compared with PCI with drug-eluting stents at 5 years of follow-up (number needed to treat=21). Trial registration number PRECOMBAT clinicaltrials.gov NCT00997828; SYNTAX: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00114972 NCT00114972.
Source: Heart - February 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Cavalcante, R., Sotomi, Y., Zeng, Y., Lee, C. W., Ahn, J.-M., Collet, C., Tenekecioglu, E., Suwannasom, P., Onuma, Y., Park, S.-J., Serruys, P. W. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Interventional cardiology, Acute coronary syndromes, Percutaneous intervention, Epidemiology Coronary artery disease Source Type: research

Stop vasodepressor drugs in reflex syncope: a randomised controlled trial
Conclusions Recurrence of syncope and presyncope can be reduced by discontinuing/reducing vasoactive therapy in most elderly patients affected by reflex vasodepressor syncope. Trial registration number NCT01509534; EudraCT2013-004364-63; Results.
Source: Heart - February 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Solari, D., Tesi, F., Unterhuber, M., Gaggioli, G., Ungar, A., Tomaino, M., Brignole, M. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Special populations Source Type: research

Pre-procedural dual antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation increases risk of bleeding
Conclusions The current study demonstrated that DAPT before TF-TAVI increased the risk of bleeding compared with single or no antiplatelet therapy. Lower intensity antiplatelet therapy was not associated with thrombotic events. In modern practice, it might be reasonable to perform TAVI using single or no pre-procedural antiplatelet therapy with an expectation of no increase of adverse events. Trial registration number UMIN-ID; 000020423; Results.
Source: Heart - February 15, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hioki, H., Watanabe, Y., Kozuma, K., Nara, Y., Kawashima, H., Kataoka, A., Yamamoto, M., Takagi, K., Araki, M., Tada, N., Shirai, S., Yamanaka, F., Hayashida, K., And on behalf of OCEAN-TAVI investigators Tags: Valvular heart disease Source Type: research

Relationship between aetiology and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Conclusions In adults with HCM, LV systolic dysfunction is more frequent in those with rare phenocopies. When combined with age at presentation, it is a marker for specific aetiologies and is associated with poorer long-term survival.
Source: Heart - January 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rosmini, S., Biagini, E., O'Mahony, C., Bulluck, H., Ruozi, N., Lopes, L. R., Guttmann, O., Reant, P., Quarta, C. C., Pantazis, A., Tome-Esteban, M., Mckenna, W. J., Rapezzi, C., Elliott, P. M. Tags: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Interventional cardiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology, Metabolic disorders Heart failure and cardiomyopathies Source Type: research

Net clinical benefit of warfarin in individuals with atrial fibrillation across stroke risk and across primary and secondary care
Conclusions CHA2DS2-VASc accurately stratifies IS risk in individuals with AF across both primary and secondary care. However, the incidence rate of ischaemic stroke at CHA2DS2-VASc=1 are lower than previously reported, which may change the decision to start anticoagulation with warfarin in these individuals.
Source: Heart - January 12, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Allan, V., Banerjee, A., Shah, A. D., Patel, R., Denaxas, S., Casas, J.-P., Hemingway, H. Tags: Open access, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Heartbeat: Left atrial appendage occlusion for stroke prevention
Stroke prevention is the primary goal of therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).1 Heart has published numerous papers on early AF detection,2 approaches for restoring normal sinus rhythm, risk scores for determining which AF patients benefit most from anti-thrombotic therapy, and transcatheter occlusion of the left atrial appendage (LAA) to prevent thrombus formation.3–6 Early studies of LAA occlusion compared this procedure to vitamin K antagonist (VKA) therapy for stroke prevention. Now, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have replaced VKA therapy in many AF patients due to an improved risk/benefit profi...
Source: Heart - January 4, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Otto, C. M. Tags: Heartbeat Source Type: research

To occlude or not? Left atrial appendage occlusion for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation
The cornerstone of atrial fibrillation (AF) management is effective stroke prevention, which by now remains the only proven method of improved survival in patients with AF. Oral anticoagulation with the use of vitamin K antagonists (eg, warfarin) or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) has been shown to substantially reduce the risk of AF-related strokes and thus is presently the standard of care for stroke prevention in non-valvular AF. Approximately 90% of thrombi being formed in AF are localised in left atrial appendage (LAA).1 Thus, LAA exclusion seems a tempting method of prophylaxis against stroke, pa...
Source: Heart - January 4, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mazurek, M., Lip, G. Y. H. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Efficacy and safety of left atrial appendage closure versus medical treatment in atrial fibrillation: a network meta-analysis from randomised trials
Conclusions The findings of this meta-analysis suggest that LAAC is superior to placebo and APT, and comparable to NOAC for preventing mortality and stroke or SE, with similar bleeding risk in patients with non-valvular AF. However, these results should be interpreted with caution and more studies are needed to further substantiate this advantage, in view of the wide CIs with some variables in the current meta-analysis.
Source: Heart - January 4, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sahay, S., Nombela-Franco, L., Rodes-Cabau, J., Jimenez-Quevedo, P., Salinas, P., Biagioni, C., Nunez-Gil, I., Gonzalo, N., de Agustin, J. A., del Trigo, M., Perez de Isla, L., Fernandez-Ortiz, A., Escaned, J., Macaya, C. Tags: Editor's choice, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Why should we screen for atrial fibrillation?
Atrial fibrillation (AF) constitutes an increasing challenge to the medical community and healthcare providers. With a prevalence of almost 3% in the adult Swedish population1 and a forecasted twofold or threefold increase by 2050 in the USA, we are facing a diagnosis with epidemic proportions. Apart from increased mortality, AF also increases the risk of heart failure, hospitalisations and ischaemic stroke.2 Of these complications, ischaemic stroke gives a particularly heavy burden on patients, their family and society. Ischaemic stroke is the most common reason for permanent neurological disability in the adult Western p...
Source: Heart - December 8, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Svennberg, E., Engdahl, J. Tags: Press releases, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Screening for atrial fibrillation in 13 122 Hong Kong citizens with smartphone electrocardiogram
Conclusion Community screening for AF with SL-ECG was feasible and it identified a significant proportion of citizens with newly diagnosed AF. The prevalence of AF in a Chinese population in Hong Kong was comparable with that of contemporary Western counterparts. Apart from age and sex, different anthropometric parameters and cardiovascular comorbid conditions were identified as independent predictors of AF.
Source: Heart - December 8, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chan, N.-y., Choy, C.-c. Tags: Editor's choice, Press releases, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Heart failure, Hypertension, Epidemiology, Metabolic disorders Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Atrial appendage occlusion for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation
In the developed countries, stroke is an important cause of mortality and disability. Cardioembolism is the most frequent cause of ischaemic stroke, in the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF).1 AF is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in the general population and its prevalence increases with age; the lifetime risk of AF development is 25% in people over 40 years old.2 Anticoagulation has been established as an effective treatment strategy for stroke prevention in patients with AF and risk factors for stroke.3 The new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) seem to be similarly efficacious compared with vitamin K antagonists (V...
Source: Heart - November 24, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Swaans, M. J., Boersma, L. V. A. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Hypertension, Interventional cardiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Trends in the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in the UK
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the UK is declining; however, CVD burden comes not only from deaths, but also from those living with the disease. This review uses national datasets with multiple years of data to present secular trends in mortality, morbidity, and treatment for all CVD and specific subtypes within the UK. We produced all-ages and premature age-standardised mortality rates by gender, standardised to the 2013 European Standard Population, using data from the national statistics agencies of the UK. We obtained data on hospital admissions from the National Health Service records, using the main diagno...
Source: Heart - November 24, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bhatnagar, P., Wickramasinghe, K., Wilkins, E., Townsend, N. Tags: Open access, Press releases, Review articles Reviews Source Type: research

Left atrial appendage occlusion in high-risk patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Conclusions Our data suggest LAA occlusion in high-risk patients with NVAF not suitable for OACs is feasible and associated with low complication rates as well as low rates of stroke and major bleeding at long-term follow-up.
Source: Heart - November 24, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Berti, S., Pastormerlo, L. E., Rezzaghi, M., Trianni, G., Paradossi, U., Cerone, E., Ravani, M., De Caterina, A. R., Rizza, A., Palmieri, C. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research